Anthi P R
Int J Psychoanal. 1999 Oct;80 ( Pt 5):995-1010. doi: 10.1516/0020757991599061.
The author suggests that Freud was intrigued by those who explored the still unknown regions of the globe; in 1928 he received a letter from a colleague who knew he was interested in the psychology of polar explorers, asking him to comment on some strange visualizations that had haunted Roald Amundsen, the great polar explorer, when during one of his Arctic expeditions he was attacked and nearly mauled to death by a polar bear. Freud emphasised the quality of resignation and surrender inherent in these peculiar imaginings, but he added that a deeper analysis would require Amundsen's associations. On the basis of relevant biographical data the author tries to make a further investigation of his strange visualizations. These are linked to an underlying masochistic phantasy in which conflicts involving rivalry, autonomy and separation-individuation problems are expressed. He attained the South Pole before Scott and his party, who perished. His triumph and survival on the polar ice evoked an unbearable sense of guilt. Being unable to gain insight into his conflicts, he regressed to a paranoid state. The relation between masochism, the desire to beat and be beaten and rivalry is discussed.
作者认为，弗洛伊德对那些探索地球上仍不为人知区域的人很感兴趣；1928年，他收到一位同事的来信，这位同事知道他对极地探险家的心理感兴趣，信中请他对一些奇怪的幻象发表评论，这些幻象一直困扰着伟大的极地探险家罗尔德·阿蒙森，在他的一次北极探险中，他遭到了北极熊的袭击，差点被撕成碎片。弗洛伊德强调了这些奇特想象中所固有的顺从和屈服的特质，但他补充说，更深入的分析需要阿蒙森的联想。基于相关的传记资料，作者试图对他奇怪的幻象做进一步调查。这些幻象与一种潜在的受虐幻想有关，其中涉及竞争、自主性和分离个体化问题的冲突得以表达。他比斯科特及其同伴先到达南极，而斯科特一行人不幸遇难。他在极地冰原上的胜利和幸存唤起了一种无法承受的内疚感。由于无法洞察自己的冲突，他退回到了偏执状态。文中讨论了受虐狂、被打与打人的欲望以及竞争之间的关系。
