Huneck S
Naturwissenschaften. 1999 Dec;86(12):559-70. doi: 10.1007/s001140050676.
Lichens, symbiontic organisms of fungi and algae, synthesize numerous metabolites, the "lichen substances," which comprise aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic, and terpenic compounds. Lichens and their metabolites have a manifold biological activity: antiviral, antibiotic, antitumor, allergenic, plant growth inhibitory, antiherbivore, and enzyme inhibitory. Usnic acid, a very active lichen substance is used in pharmaceutical preparations. Large amounts of Pseudevernia furfuracea and Evernia prunastri are processed in the perfume industry, and some lichens are sensitive reagents for the evaluation of air pollution.
地衣是真菌和藻类的共生生物，能合成多种代谢产物，即“地衣物质”，这些物质包括脂肪族、环脂肪族、芳香族和萜类化合物。地衣及其代谢产物具有多种生物活性：抗病毒、抗菌、抗肿瘤、致敏、抑制植物生长、抗食草动物以及抑制酶活性。松萝酸是一种活性很强的地衣物质，被用于药物制剂中。大量的粗皮松萝和扁枝衣在香水工业中得到加工利用，一些地衣是评估空气污染的灵敏试剂。
