Monsalve M V, Helgason A, Devine D V
Department of Anthropology and Sociology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Proc Biol Sci. 1999 Nov 7;266(1434):2209-16. doi: 10.1098/rspb.1999.0910.
A number of studies based on linguistic, dental and genetic data have proposed that the colonization of the New World took place in three separate waves of migration from North-East Asia. Recently, other studies have suggested that only one major migration occurred. It is the aim of this study to assess these opposing migration hypotheses using molecular-typed HLA class II alleles to compare the relationships between linguistic and genetic data in contemporary Native American populations. Our results suggest that gene flow and genetic drift have been important factors in shaping the genetic landscape of Native American populations. We report significant correlations between genetic and geographical distances in Native American and East Asian populations. In contrast, a less clear-cut relationship seems to exist between genetic distances and linguistic affiliation. In particular, the close genetic relationship of the neighbouring Na-Dene Athabaskans and Amerindian Salishans suggests that geography is the more important factor. Overall, our results are most congruent with the single migration model.
一些基于语言、牙齿和基因数据的研究表明，新大陆的殖民化是由来自东北亚的三次不同的移民浪潮完成的。最近，其他研究则认为只发生了一次主要的移民。本研究的目的是利用分子分型的HLA-II类等位基因来评估这些相互对立的移民假说，以比较当代美洲原住民群体中语言和基因数据之间的关系。我们的结果表明，基因流动和遗传漂变是塑造美洲原住民群体遗传格局的重要因素。我们报告了美洲原住民和东亚人群中基因距离与地理距离之间的显著相关性。相比之下，基因距离与语言归属之间的关系似乎不太明确。特别是，相邻的纳-德内阿萨巴斯卡人和美洲印第安人萨利希安人之间密切的基因关系表明，地理因素更为重要。总体而言，我们的结果与单次移民模型最为一致。
