Kardinaal A F, Hoorneman G, Väänänen K, Charles P, Ando S, Maggiolini M, Charzewska J, Rotily M, Deloraine A, Heikkinen J, Juvin R, Schaafsma G
Department of Consumer Research & Epidemiology, TNO Nutrition and Food Research Institute, Zeist, The Netherlands.
Calcif Tissue Int. 2000 Feb;66(2):81-9. doi: 10.1007/pl00005834.
Bone mass and bone geometry are considered to have independent effects on bone strength. The purpose of this study was to obtain data on bone mass and geometry in young female populations and how they are influenced by body size and lifestyle factors. In a cross-sectional, observational study in six European countries, 1116 healthy Caucasian girls aged 11-15 and 526 women aged 20-23 participated. Their radius was scanned at the ultradistal site and at a site approximately 30% of the radius length from the distal end with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The following parameters were assessed from the scans: bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD), cortical wall thickness (CWT), middistal diameter (D), cortical index (CI = 2CWT/D), and the Breaking Bending Resistance Index (BBRI = (D4 - [D-CWT]4)/D). Calcium intake was assessed by 3-day food records and physical activity by questionnaire. Body size parameters were measured by anthropometry. All parameters showed an increasing trend with pubertal stage and age, except for physical activity and calcium intake. BMC and BMD were relatively more dependent on body weight and age at menarche, whereas variation in D and the mechanical index BBRI was better explained by differences in height and grip strength. CI and CWT were relatively independent of variation in body size, whereas BMC and BBRI especially were explained for a substantial proportion (25-33% in the young adults) by body size parameters. Dietary intake of calcium and level of physical activity seem to contribute little to variation in bone parameters.
骨量和骨几何形态被认为对骨强度有独立影响。本研究的目的是获取年轻女性群体的骨量和骨几何形态数据，以及它们如何受到体型和生活方式因素的影响。在一项对六个欧洲国家的横断面观察性研究中，1116名年龄在11 - 15岁的健康白种女孩和526名年龄在20 - 23岁的女性参与其中。使用双能X线吸收法（DXA）在尺骨的超远端部位以及距远端约30%半径长度处对她们的尺骨进行扫描。从扫描结果中评估以下参数：骨矿物质含量（BMC）、骨矿物质密度（BMD）、皮质骨壁厚度（CWT）、中段直径（D）、皮质指数（CI = 2CWT/D）以及抗折断弯曲阻力指数（BBRI = (D4 - [D - CWT]4)/D）。通过3天的饮食记录评估钙摄入量，通过问卷调查评估身体活动情况。通过人体测量法测量体型参数。除身体活动和钙摄入量外，所有参数均随青春期阶段和年龄呈现增加趋势。BMC和BMD相对更依赖初潮时的体重和年龄，而D和力学指数BBRI的变化能更好地由身高和握力的差异来解释。CI和CWT相对独立于体型变化，而BMC和BBRI尤其在很大程度上（在年轻成年人中为25 - 33%）可由体型参数来解释。饮食中的钙摄入量和身体活动水平似乎对骨参数的变化贡献不大。
