Dolnicar P, Bohanec B
Agricultural Institute of Slovenia, Ljubljana.
Pflugers Arch. 2000;439(3 Suppl):R9-11.
In attempt to induce doubled haploids in potato we studied interspecific hybrids between tetraploid Solanum tuberosum cultivars Igor, Jana, Vesna, Romano, Arinda, Fianna, Donald and Vital and Solanum phureja (clone IVP 48). Four out of eight cultivars produced 21 berries in total and 149 seedlings were obtained. Their ploidy was measured using flow cytometry. Analysis revealed 137 tetraploids, 10 triploids and 2 haploids. One haploid, 6 triploids and most of the tetraploids produced tubers. Nine out of 10 triploids were produced in a cross between cv. Igor and S. phureja. The vigour of the haploid plant was weak and produced characteristic long light yellow tubers. Triploid plants were characterized by a dark violet coloration of the stem, which was the same as the coloration of the S. phureja. Tubers had violet skin colour of various intensities and deep eyes. The majority of the tetraploid plants (135) were phenotypically similar to the S. tuberosum, while two plants had a similar violet stem and tubers as the triploids. Triploids were interspecific hybrids and tetraploids were produced by spontaneous chromosome doubling from S. tuberosum gametes. Two tetraploid plants expressing violet coloration might have been interspecific hybrids formed from 2n S. phureja gametes. Further studies are needed to confirm these assumptions.
为了诱导马铃薯双单倍体，我们研究了四倍体马铃薯品种伊戈尔（Igor）、亚娜（Jana）、维斯娜（Vesna）、罗马诺（Romano）、阿林达（Arinda）、菲亚娜（Fianna）、唐纳德（Donald）和维塔尔（Vital）与马铃薯（Solanum phureja）（克隆IVP 48）之间的种间杂交。八个品种中有四个总共结出了21个浆果，并获得了149株幼苗。使用流式细胞仪测量了它们的倍性。分析显示有137个四倍体、10个三倍体和2个单倍体。1个单倍体、6个三倍体和大多数四倍体都结出了块茎。10个三倍体中有9个是在伊戈尔品种与马铃薯的杂交中产生的。单倍体植株活力较弱，结出的块茎呈特征性的浅黄色且较长。三倍体植株的特征是茎呈深紫色，与马铃薯的颜色相同。块茎的外皮颜色深浅不一呈紫色，芽眼较深。大多数四倍体植株（135株）在表型上与马铃薯相似，而有两株植株的茎和块茎与三倍体相似，呈紫色。三倍体是种间杂种，四倍体是由马铃薯配子自发染色体加倍产生的。两个表现出紫色的四倍体植株可能是由2n马铃薯配子形成的种间杂种。需要进一步研究来证实这些假设。
