Juutilainen J, Lang S, Rytömaa T
Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland.
Bioelectromagnetics. 2000 Feb;21(2):122-8. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1521-186x(200002)21:2<122::aid-bem7>3.0.co;2-d.
Literature on cancer-related biological effects of extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields (MF) is discussed in the light of the current understanding of carcinogenesis as a multistep process of accumulating mutations. Different animal models and study designs have been used to address possible cocarcinogenic effects of MFs. Based on a comparison of the results, we propose a hypothesis that MF exposure may potentiate the effects of known carcinogens only when both exposures are chronic. We also discuss possible mechanisms of MF effects on carcinogenesis and the adequacy of the classical two-step initiation/promotion animal experiments for simulating human exposure to the complex mixture of environmental carcinogens. We conclude that experiments designed according to the two-step concept may not be sufficient for studying the possible role of MF in carcinogenesis. Possible further animal studies are more likely to be productive if they include models that combine chronic exposure to MFs with long-term exposures to known carcinogens.
鉴于目前对致癌作用是一个积累突变的多步骤过程的理解，本文讨论了关于极低频（ELF）磁场（MF）与癌症相关生物学效应的文献。不同的动物模型和研究设计已被用于探讨MF可能的促癌作用。基于对结果的比较，我们提出一个假说：只有当两种暴露都是慢性的时，MF暴露才可能增强已知致癌物的作用。我们还讨论了MF对致癌作用影响的可能机制，以及经典的两阶段启动/促进动物实验对于模拟人类暴露于复杂环境致癌物混合物的充分性。我们得出结论，根据两阶段概念设计的实验可能不足以研究MF在致癌作用中的可能作用。如果进一步的动物研究包括将长期暴露于MF与长期暴露于已知致癌物相结合的模型，那么这些研究更有可能取得成果。
