Glass M J, Billington C J, Levine A S
Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Minnesota Obesity Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
Neuropeptides. 1999 Oct;33(5):360-8. doi: 10.1054/npep.1999.0050.
Agonists of the mu, delta, kappa and ORL(1)opioid receptors increase food intake while opioid receptor blockade decreases food intake. The majority of the collected data related to opioids and feeding has led to the speculation that opioids are involved in meal maintenance and orosensory reward; however, some data suggest that opioids may impact feeding associated with energy needs. Based on the wide distribution of CNS opioid receptors and the presence of other neuropeptides in the vicinity of opioidergic pathways, it seems likely that opioids affect multiple feeding systems. For example, opioids in the hindbrain might be involved in both sensory and metabolic aspects of food intake, those in the amygdala in processing of 'emotional' properties of foods, and those in the hypothalamus in energy needs. In this review we present data which support functional diversity of opioids in feeding behavior.
μ、δ、κ和孤啡肽（ORL）（1）阿片受体的激动剂会增加食物摄入量，而阿片受体阻断则会减少食物摄入量。大多数与阿片类药物和进食相关的收集数据引发了这样的推测，即阿片类药物参与进餐维持和口腔感觉奖赏；然而，一些数据表明阿片类药物可能会影响与能量需求相关的进食。基于中枢神经系统阿片受体的广泛分布以及阿片能通路附近存在其他神经肽，阿片类药物似乎有可能影响多个进食系统。例如，后脑的阿片类药物可能参与食物摄入的感觉和代谢方面，杏仁核中的阿片类药物参与食物“情感”特性的处理，而下丘脑中的阿片类药物则与能量需求有关。在这篇综述中，我们展示了支持阿片类药物在进食行为中功能多样性的数据。
