Jones R, Pitt N
Department of Public Health, University of Glasgow, UK.
Occup Med (Lond). 1999 Nov;49(8):556-8. doi: 10.1093/occmed/49.8.556.
Health surveys in the workplace are an important part of epidemiology, needs assessment and health promotion. Since the workplace is changing rapidly with the use of computer networks, we examined the feasibility, validity and cost of health surveys using e-mail and the World Wide Web (WWW). Five hundred systematically sampled university staff in a convenience sample of 10 English universities were surveyed using either e-mail alone, e-mail plus a WWW form or postal questionnaire. Response rates, speed of response, validity and costs were examined. The postal survey obtained the best response rate: 72% as compared with 34% for e-mail alone and 19% for the WWW, but it was also the most expensive at 92p per reply, with 35p for e-mail, and 41p for the WWW. Most of the electronic responses were made within five days. In 1997, the increased response rate justified the higher cost of postal questionnaires. e-mail and WWW surveys are easy, quick and inexpensive to administer, and despite low response rates may be useful for pilot studies. The rapid changes in the spread and use of information technology means we have to keep reassessing the methods we use for health surveys in the workplace.
职场健康调查是流行病学、需求评估和健康促进的重要组成部分。由于随着计算机网络的使用，职场正在迅速变化，我们研究了使用电子邮件和万维网（WWW）进行健康调查的可行性、有效性和成本。在10所英国大学的便利样本中，对500名系统抽样的大学工作人员进行了调查，调查方式为单独使用电子邮件、电子邮件加万维网表格或邮寄问卷。对回复率、回复速度、有效性和成本进行了研究。邮寄调查获得了最高的回复率：72%，相比之下，单独使用电子邮件的回复率为34%，万维网的回复率为19%，但它也是最昂贵的，每份回复为92便士，电子邮件为35便士，万维网为41便士。大多数电子回复在五天内完成。在1997年，较高的回复率证明了邮寄问卷较高成本的合理性。电子邮件和万维网调查易于管理、快速且成本低廉，尽管回复率较低，但可能对试点研究有用。信息技术传播和使用的迅速变化意味着我们必须不断重新评估我们在职场健康调查中使用的方法。
