Hemingway R G
Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Glasgow University Veterinary School, Scotland, UK.
Vet Res Commun. 1999 Dec;23(8):481-99. doi: 10.1023/a:1006362422945.
Dietary supplements of selenium and vitamin E in greater amounts than are required for nutritional adequacy can have complementary functions in reducing somatic cell counts and both the severity and duration of clinical mastitis. Selenium inadequacy is geographically widespread and can frequently be a year-round problem. In contrast, an adequate intake of fresh grass and quality grass silage or other green, leafy material should provide adequate vitamin E. Many observations indicate that in farm situations where there is good udder hygiene and where long-acting antibiotic treatment is given at drying off, significant correlations are found between the mean bulk milk somatic cell counts and the blood selenium concentration or glutathione peroxidase activity in the blood, even where plasma vitamin E concentration is fully adequate. The accompanying reduced incidence of clinically affected quarters diminishes the need for corrective antibiotic treatment during lactation. Presentation of selenium and vitamin E within a sustained-release rumen bolus system during the dry period and into the succeeding lactation is a convenient means of supplementation to avoid over- or under-consumption by individual cows within a group. Adequate hygiene of the environment, the milking equipment and the udder are essential.
摄入超出营养充足所需量的硒和维生素E膳食补充剂，在降低体细胞计数以及临床乳腺炎的严重程度和持续时间方面可能具有互补作用。硒缺乏在地理上分布广泛，并且常常是全年性问题。相比之下，摄入充足的新鲜牧草、优质青贮牧草或其他绿色多叶饲料应能提供足够的维生素E。许多观察结果表明，在乳房卫生良好且干奶期进行长效抗生素治疗的农场环境中，即使血浆维生素E浓度完全充足，平均批量牛奶体细胞计数与血液中硒浓度或谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性之间也存在显著相关性。随之而来的临床受影响乳腺发病率降低，减少了泌乳期进行矫正性抗生素治疗的必要性。在干奶期及随后的泌乳期，通过缓释瘤胃丸剂系统提供硒和维生素E是一种方便的补充方式，可避免群体内个体奶牛摄入过量或不足。环境、挤奶设备和乳房的充分卫生至关重要。
