Mason D B
Outpatient Department, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA.
Nurs Clin North Am. 2000 Mar;35(1):15-36.
Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is one of the most common gastrointestinal problems in infants and children. Unfortunately, the diagnosis of GER is often made after development of serious complications, placing the child at medical and developmental risk. Early recognition by primary care providers is essential in preventing these serious, sometimes life-threatening complications of untreated GER. This article reviews the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostics, and treatment modalities of GER along with developmental considerations. As a health care provider, the advanced practice nurse is in an ideal position to provide a complete assessment, develop a realistic plan of care, coordinate interventions, assess outcomes, and offer support to the family of the child with GER.
胃食管反流（GER）是婴幼儿和儿童中最常见的胃肠道问题之一。不幸的是，GER的诊断往往在严重并发症出现后才做出，这使儿童面临医疗和发育风险。初级保健提供者的早期识别对于预防未经治疗的GER的这些严重、有时甚至危及生命的并发症至关重要。本文回顾了GER的病理生理学、临床表现、诊断方法和治疗方式以及发育方面的考虑因素。作为医疗保健提供者，高级执业护士处于理想的位置，能够提供全面评估、制定切实可行的护理计划、协调干预措施、评估结果，并为患有GER的儿童家庭提供支持。
