Takyi E E
Nutrition Unit, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana.
East Afr Med J. 1999 Sep;76(9):510-5.
To determine the nutritional status and nutrient intake of preschool children in a sub-Sahelian setting so as to ascertain whether they meet the acceptable standards.
Prospective/investigative study.
The study was carried out in Saboba, a rural sub-Sahelian village in northern Ghana.
Five hundred and eighteen preschool children (2.5-6 years) drawn from three kindergartens and five other localities were used.
Anthropometric measures of age, weight, and height were assessed. Blood and stool samples were taken for analyses.
The nutritional status was generally poor, with 27% (140/519) stunted, 4.4% (23/519) wasted and 1.9% (10/519) wasted and stunted. Majority of the children (92%) were anaemic and 16.3% had deficient level of vitamin A (< 10 micrograms/dL). Total caloric intake was low (only 26.5% met RDA values) and apart from protein and iron whose RDA were met by the majority of the children (> 90%), the intake of other nutrients-calcium, vitamin C, vitamin A and provitamin A, were low and unacceptable, compared to their respective RDA values. In the case of iron, even though intake was adequate, the high anaemic rate of 92% was due to high incidence of malaria (32%), hookworm infestation, low intake of vitamin C and low bioavailability of iron from the mainly cereal diet.
The poor nutritional status of the children was largely due to the low intake of essential nutrients.
确定萨赫勒地区以南环境中学龄前儿童的营养状况和营养素摄入量，以确定他们是否符合可接受标准。
前瞻性/调查性研究。
研究在加纳北部萨赫勒地区的一个农村村庄萨博巴进行。
选取了来自三所幼儿园和其他五个地区的518名学龄前儿童（2.5至6岁）。
评估年龄、体重和身高的人体测量指标。采集血液和粪便样本进行分析。
营养状况总体较差，27%（140/519）发育迟缓，4.4%（23/519）消瘦，1.9%（10/519）消瘦且发育迟缓。大多数儿童（92%）贫血，16.3%维生素A水平不足（<10微克/分升）。总热量摄入较低（仅26.5%达到推荐膳食摄入量值），除了大多数儿童（>90%）的蛋白质和铁摄入量达到推荐膳食摄入量外，与各自的推荐膳食摄入量值相比，其他营养素——钙、维生素C、维生素A和维生素A原的摄入量较低且不可接受。就铁而言，尽管摄入量充足，但92%的高贫血率是由于疟疾高发（32%）、钩虫感染、维生素C摄入量低以及主要谷类饮食中铁的生物利用率低。
儿童营养状况不佳主要是由于必需营养素摄入量低。
