Yadav R J, Singh P
Institute for Research in Medical Statistics, Indian Council Of Medical Research. Medical Enclave, New Delhi 110 029, India.
Indian Pediatr. 1999 Jan;36(1):37-42.
To assess the dietary intake and nutritional status in children of the tribal areas of Bihar.
Cross sectional survey with two stage probability proportional to size sampling.
Study covered 396 villages from 17 tribal districts of Bihar.
1847 preschool children (0-6 Years) were studied.
24 hours recall method was used to assess the nutrition intake and anthropometric measurements included height and weight. Nutritional intake was compared with Indian Council of Medical Research recommended dietary allowances (RDA) and nutritional status assessed by SD classification.
The intake of protein was broadly in line with the recommended dietary allowances (RDA) in all age groups among children. However, the average intake of energy and other nutrients was lower in allage groups as compared to RDA. Calorie deficiency was 38% whereas protein deficiency was about 19%. More than half of the children were caloric deficient in Katihar, Bokaro, Godda and Singhbhum (east and west). The overall prevalence of stunting was about 60% and underweight about 55% and was comparable in boys and girls. However, wasting was more frequent in girls (urban - 34.5% vs. 16.3% and rural - 34.9% vs 18%). The level of malnutrition was not very different in rural and urban areas.
The nutritional status and dietary intakes of tribal children in Bihar is very poor. Urgent remedial measures are required in this context, particularly on a war footing in especially vulnerable districts identified by this survey.
评估比哈尔邦部落地区儿童的饮食摄入和营养状况。
采用两阶段按规模大小概率抽样的横断面调查。
研究覆盖了比哈尔邦17个部落区的396个村庄。
对1847名学龄前儿童（0 - 6岁）进行了研究。
采用24小时回顾法评估营养摄入情况，人体测量指标包括身高和体重。将营养摄入量与印度医学研究理事会推荐的膳食摄入量（RDA）进行比较，并通过标准差分类评估营养状况。
各年龄组儿童的蛋白质摄入量大致符合推荐的膳食摄入量（RDA）。然而，与RDA相比，所有年龄组的能量和其他营养素平均摄入量较低。热量缺乏率为38%，而蛋白质缺乏率约为19%。在卡蒂哈尔、博卡罗、戈达和辛格布姆（东、西），超过一半的儿童存在热量缺乏。发育迟缓的总体患病率约为60%，体重不足约为55%，男孩和女孩的情况相当。然而，消瘦在女孩中更为常见（城市 - 34.5%对16.3%，农村 - 34.9%对18%）。农村和城市地区的营养不良水平差异不大。
比哈尔邦部落儿童的营养状况和饮食摄入量非常差。在这种情况下，需要采取紧急补救措施，特别是在本次调查确定的特别脆弱地区全力以赴。
