Management of superficial transitional cell carcinoma in the intramural ureter: what to do?

PURPOSE

We analyze the evolution of superficial transitional cell carcinoma in the intramural distal ureter treated with transurethral resection.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A total of 19 patients underwent transurethral resection of the intramural distal ureter with a mean followup of 57 months. All cases were diagnosed as superficial transitional cell carcinoma and all but 2 had a history of bladder tumor. Upper urinary tract followup consisted of excretory urography every 6 months and ureterorenoscopy in cases with a doubtful diagnosis or positive cytology.

RESULTS

Pathological examination revealed stage Ta disease in 42%, T1 in 31.5% and Tx in 26.3% of intramural tumors. Upper urinary tract recurrence was noted in 8 patients (42.1%), including 5 (62.5%) with involvement of the distal ureter. Nontumoral stenosis of the distal ureter in 3 cases was treated endoscopically. An endoscopic procedure resolved 75% of recurrences. A high surgical risk patient who did not undergo open surgery died of recurrence.

CONCLUSIONS

Superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the intramural ureter is uncommon in the setting of multiple bladder tumors and recurrent bladder carcinoma. There was a 42.1% rate of ipsilateral recurrence and endoscopic treatment allowed us to preserve 89.5% of the involved renal units. Closer followup of the urinary tract must be performed since these tumors have a higher incidence of upper urinary tract recurrence.