Benfield J R, Wain J C
Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, USA.
Chest Surg Clin N Am. 2000 Feb;10(1):189-99, xi.
Experimental lung transplantation began in the former Soviet Union in 1946. Experiments in the 1950s sought to understand the physiology and to master the technique of reimplantation. Study of the immunology of allografting in the 1960s lead to the first lung transplantation in a human in 1963 in the United States. Palliative lung transplantation was first reported from Canada in 1986 after the advent of effective and tolerable immunosuppressive regimens. Lung transplantation in centers of excellence is now an effective palliative method for more than 80% of carefully selected recipients. Widespread transplantation to treat end stage pulmonary dysfunction is impossible because of too few organ donors and imperfect management of rejection and infection.
1946年，前苏联开始了实验性肺移植。20世纪50年代的实验旨在了解生理学并掌握再植技术。20世纪60年代对同种异体移植免疫学的研究促成了1963年美国的首例人体肺移植。1986年，在有效且可耐受的免疫抑制方案出现后，加拿大首次报道了姑息性肺移植。现在，对于超过80%经过精心挑选的受者来说，在卓越中心进行肺移植是一种有效的姑息治疗方法。由于器官供体过少以及对排斥反应和感染的管理不完善，广泛开展移植以治疗终末期肺功能障碍是不可能的。
