Yegles M, Marson Y, Wennig R
Laboratoire National de Santé Division Toxicologie, CRP-Santé, Centre Universitaire, Luxembourg.
Forensic Sci Int. 2000 Jan 10;107(1-3):87-92. doi: 10.1016/s0379-0738(99)00152-8.
In order to study the influence of hair bleaching on benzodiazepines concentrations, hair was treated with a bleaching product (Poly Blonde, Schwarzkopf & Henkel) for 20 min. The treated hair specimen was obtained from a person who died after an overdose of several illicit drugs associated with benzodiazepines. Bleached and non bleached hair were washed (acetone and water), pulverised and then incubated for 2 h in a thioglycolic solution. In the extracts obtained by solid-phase extraction on C18 columns, the different drugs with the corresponding deuterated standards were derivatized and determined by GC-MS in a SIM mode. These results show that the concentrations of all the drug detected decreased in bleached hair in comparison with non treated hair. Whereas the diminution was less important for cocaine and benzoylecgonine (decrease of 24.6 and 36.4%, respectively), concentrations for codeine, 6-monoacetylmorphine and morphine decreased more significantly (decrease of 57.5, 88.6 and 67.4%, respectively) as well as those of diazepam, nordazepam and 7-aminoflunitrazepam (decrease of 39.7, 67.7 and 61.8%, respectively). The results in this study agree with those of other authors that bleaching affects the stability of cocaine and opiates incorporated in hair. These findings also point out that bleaching influences the stability of entrapped benzodiazepines in hair. Finally, these results reconfirm that it is very important to consider the cosmetic history of a hair sample in the interpretation of hair analysis results.
为了研究头发漂白对苯二氮䓬类药物浓度的影响，用一种漂白产品（施华蔻·汉高公司的Poly Blonde）对头发处理20分钟。处理过的头发样本取自一名因过量服用几种与苯二氮䓬类药物相关的非法药物而死亡的人。将漂白和未漂白的头发进行清洗（用丙酮和水）、粉碎，然后在巯基乙酸溶液中孵育2小时。在通过C18柱固相萃取获得的提取物中，将不同药物与相应的氘代标准品进行衍生化处理，并通过气相色谱 - 质谱联用仪在选择离子监测模式下进行测定。这些结果表明，与未处理的头发相比，漂白头发中检测到的所有药物浓度均降低。可卡因和苯甲酰芽子碱的浓度降低幅度较小（分别降低24.6%和36.4%），而可待因、6 - 单乙酰吗啡和吗啡的浓度下降更为显著（分别降低57.5%、88.6%和67.4%），地西泮、去甲地西泮和7 - 氨基氟硝西泮的浓度也是如此（分别降低39.7%、67.7%和61.8%）。本研究结果与其他作者的研究结果一致，即漂白会影响头发中掺入的可卡因和阿片类药物的稳定性。这些发现还指出，漂白会影响头发中截留的苯二氮䓬类药物的稳定性。最后，这些结果再次证实，在解释头发分析结果时考虑头发样本的美容史非常重要。
