Department of Chemistry, Furman University, Greenville, South Carolina 29613, USA.
Analyst. 2020 Jul 7;145(13):4540-4550. doi: 10.1039/d0an00478b. Epub 2020 May 18.
Analysis of drugs in hair by mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has great potential as an objective, long-term measure of medication adherence. However, the fidelity of the chemical record in hair may be compromised by any cosmetic hair treatments. Here, we investigate infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization (IR-MALDESI) MSI response to multiple antiretrovirals (ARVs) in cosmetically treated hair. Hair strands from patients on different ARV regimens were mechanically treated with dye, bleach, and relaxer. The treatments had little or no effect relative to untreated controls for cobicistat, abacavir, dolutegravir, maraviroc, efavirenz, and darunavir, but all three treatments removed emtricitabine (FTC) to undetectable levels from patient hair strands. We also evaluated hair strands by IR-MALDESI MSI from 8 patients on FTC-based regimens who reported a range of hair treatments at varying recency prior to hair collection. While FTC was undetectable in the treated portion of these hair strands, ARVs coadministered with FTC remained detectable in hair strands after treatment. We conclude that IR-MALDESI MSI can be used when measuring adherence to ARV therapy, provided that ARVs other than FTC are targeted in people using hair treatments.
质谱成像（MSI）分析头发中的药物对于作为客观、长期的药物依从性衡量标准具有巨大潜力。然而，头发中的化学记录的准确性可能会因任何化妆品处理而受到损害。在这里，我们研究了红外辅助激光解吸电喷雾电离（IR-MALDESI）MSI 对多种抗逆转录病毒药物（ARV）在经过美容处理的头发中的反应。来自接受不同 ARV 方案治疗的患者的头发丝经机械处理后，用染料、漂白剂和拉直剂进行处理。与未经处理的对照相比，这些处理对考比司他、阿巴卡韦、多拉韦林、马拉维若、依非韦伦和达芦那韦的影响很小或没有，但所有三种处理都将恩曲他滨（FTC）从患者头发丝中去除到无法检测的水平。我们还通过 8 名基于 FTC 方案治疗且在头发采集前最近有不同程度的头发处理报告的患者的头发丝的 IR-MALDESI MSI 进行了评估。虽然 FTC 在经过处理的头发丝中无法检测到，但与 FTC 共同给药的 ARV 在处理后仍可在头发丝中检测到。我们得出结论，当测量 ARV 治疗的依从性时，可以使用 IR-MALDESI MSI，前提是在使用头发处理的人群中靶向的 ARV 除 FTC 以外。
