Vanegas H, Schaible H
Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cientificas (IVIC), Apartado 21827, Caracas, Venezuela.
Pain. 2000 Mar;85(1-2):9-18. doi: 10.1016/s0304-3959(99)00241-9.
High-threshold voltage-dependent calcium channels enable calcium ions to enter neurons upon depolarization and thereby influence synaptic mediator/receptor systems, membrane excitability levels, second and third messenger concentration, and gene expression. These phenomena underlie several processes including those of normal nociception and of hyperalgesia and allodynia. The present article deals with the role of spinal L-, N- and P/Q-type calcium channels in short-lasting nociception as well as in the hyperalgesia and allodynia elicited by chemical irritants of peripheral nociceptors, inflammatory and mechanical lesions of peripheral tissues, and lesions of peripheral nerves. The studies summarized herein are based on the spinal delivery of specific antagonists to high-threshold calcium channels, and reveal that blockade of L-type, P/Q-type and, particularly, N-type channels can prevent, attenuate, or both, subjective pain as well as primary and/or secondary hyperalgesia and allodynia in a variety of experimental and clinical conditions.
高阈值电压依赖性钙通道可使钙离子在去极化时进入神经元，从而影响突触介质/受体系统、膜兴奋性水平、第二和第三信使浓度以及基因表达。这些现象是包括正常伤害感受以及痛觉过敏和异常性疼痛等多种过程的基础。本文探讨脊髓L型、N型和P/Q型钙通道在短期伤害感受以及由外周伤害感受器的化学刺激物、外周组织的炎症和机械损伤以及外周神经损伤所引发的痛觉过敏和异常性疼痛中所起的作用。本文总结的研究基于向高阈值钙通道特异性拮抗剂的脊髓给药，结果显示，在各种实验和临床条件下，阻断L型、P/Q型尤其是N型通道可预防、减轻或同时预防和减轻主观疼痛以及原发性和/或继发性痛觉过敏和异常性疼痛。
