Totenhofer R I, Kierce M
Emerg Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Accid Emerg Nurs. 1999 Jul;7(3):141-7. doi: 10.1016/s0965-2302(99)80073-3.
Nurses in the Accident & Emergency (A&E) Department have a significant role to play in the treatment and resuscitation of victims of a chemical disaster. Chemical disasters are unique because casualties are contaminated. Nursing staff triage casualties and they have direct contact with contaminated patients, before and during decontamination. Consequently they require adequate personal protective equipment and information regarding isolation and decontamination. The use of chemicals has increased since the turn of the century. Hazardous chemical emergencies arise from accidents in production, storage, transportation and the disposal of chemical substances. Their illegal manufacture and use by terrorists makes the likelihood of a chemical disaster with mass casualties in Australia very real. Emergency departments are ill-prepared to deal with this scenario, and very few disaster plans include a comprehensive decontamination component. To achieve an effective response with the best utilisation of resources, it is vital for emergency services personnel and A&E departments to be prepared.
急症室的护士在化学灾害受害者的治疗和复苏过程中发挥着重要作用。化学灾害具有独特性，因为伤亡人员会受到污染。护理人员对伤亡人员进行分诊，并且在去污之前和过程中会直接接触受污染的患者。因此，他们需要足够的个人防护装备以及有关隔离和去污的信息。自世纪之交以来，化学品的使用有所增加。危险化学品紧急情况源于化学品生产、储存、运输和处置过程中的事故。恐怖分子非法制造和使用化学品使得澳大利亚发生造成大量人员伤亡的化学灾害的可能性非常大。急诊科应对这种情况的准备不足，而且很少有灾难预案包含全面的去污内容。为了以最佳方式利用资源实现有效应对，应急服务人员和急症室做好准备至关重要。
