Riemann M K, Kanstrup Hansen I L
Department of Clinical Physiology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2000 Feb;10(1):12-9. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0838.2000.010001012.x.
Maternal training during pregnancy has been the subject for numerous investigations lately, which are presented in this survey. No studies in human beings have shown any negative effect of training on the embryogenesis. During physical training a small rise in foetal heart rate of 5-25 bpm is a common finding. This could be due to a reduction in oxygen delivery or more likely stimulation from maternal vasoactive hormones or training-induced uterine contractions. Foetal growth seems to be influenced by maternal activity, as some investigations have found significantly bigger babies born by moderately trained females compared to non-trained or heavily trained women. In the latter group the reduction could be explained by a reduced neonatal fat mass. Increased maternal temperature during training has not been found to lead to any foetal abnormalities. The results indicate that moderate training during pregnancy can be recommended with observance of simple directives.
孕期的母体训练近来一直是众多研究的主题，本综述将呈现这些研究。尚无人体研究表明训练对胚胎发育有任何负面影响。在体育训练期间，胎儿心率通常会有5 - 25次/分钟的小幅上升。这可能是由于氧气输送减少，或者更有可能是受到母体血管活性激素的刺激或训练引起的子宫收缩。胎儿生长似乎受母体活动影响，因为一些研究发现，与未受过训练或过度训练的女性相比，适度训练的女性所生婴儿明显更大。在后一组中，新生儿脂肪量减少可以解释这种差异。尚未发现训练期间母体体温升高会导致任何胎儿异常。结果表明，遵循简单的指导原则，孕期进行适度训练是可以推荐的。
