Palepu A, Carr P L, Friedman R H, Ash A S, Moskowitz M A
Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University, Massachusetts, USA.
Acad Med. 2000 Feb;75(2):157-60. doi: 10.1097/00001888-200002000-00014.
Despite efforts to increase the numbers of underrepresented minorities (URMs), only 3.9% of medical school faculty are URMs. The authors compared the specialty choices, compensation, and career satisfaction of minority faculty with those of their majority counterparts to determine whether there were differences that might affect the recruitment and retention of minority faculty.
In 1995, the authors mailed a self-administered survey to a stratified random sample of 3,013 eligible full-time salaried faculty in 24 randomly selected medical schools. Those schools, which had at least 200 faculty, did not include the Puerto Rican or historically black medical schools.
Of the eligible faculty surveyed, 1,807 (60%) responded; 1,463 were majority faculty, 195 were URM faculty, and 149 were other-minority faculty. Similar proportions of the three groups were in the primary care specialties. Only 11% of the URM respondents were in basic science departments. There was no significant difference in adjusted mean compensation between majority, URM, and other-minority faculty. However, URM faculty were significantly less satisfied with their careers (adjusted scores: 60 versus > 65; p = .001) and more often considered leaving academic medicine within five years (58% versus < 45%).
Given the demographic changes of the U.S. population, these issues should be addressed by deans and department heads in order to enhance recruitment and facilitate retention of URM faculty in academic medicine.
尽管人们努力增加代表性不足的少数族裔（URM）的数量，但医学院教员中只有3.9%是URM。作者比较了少数族裔教员与其多数族裔同行的专业选择、薪酬和职业满意度，以确定是否存在可能影响少数族裔教员招聘和留用的差异。
1995年，作者向24所随机选择的医学院中3013名符合条件的全职受薪教员的分层随机样本邮寄了一份自我管理的调查问卷。那些至少有200名教员的学校不包括波多黎各医学院或历史上的黑人医学院。
在接受调查的符合条件的教员中，1807人（60%）回复；1463人是多数族裔教员，195人是URM教员，149人是其他少数族裔教员。三组中从事初级保健专业的比例相似。URM受访者中只有11%在基础科学系。多数族裔、URM和其他少数族裔教员之间的调整后平均薪酬没有显著差异。然而，URM教员对其职业的满意度明显较低（调整后得分：60对>65；p = 0.001），并且更经常考虑在五年内离开学术医学领域（58%对<45%）。
鉴于美国人口的人口结构变化，院长和部门负责人应解决这些问题，以加强招聘并促进URM教员在学术医学领域的留用。
