Little P, Barnett J, Kinmonth A L, Margetts B, Gabbay J, Thompson R, Warm D, Wooton S
Health Care Development Group, University of Southampton.
Br J Gen Pract. 2000 Jan;50(450):43-5.
Diet is important in the aetiology and management of many conditions in primary care. Although valid dietary assessment is required for both clinical work and research, no dietary assessment instruments have been validated among patients seen in primary care. A range of simple self-completion dietary assessment questionnaires and established research instruments were compared with an accepted reference standard, a seven-day weighed record, in 111 subjects assessed in a practice nurse-run treatment room. Simple self-completion tools based on food groups and portion sizes perform as well (likelihood ratios for a positive test = 2 to 3) as much more time-consuming instruments. The error in using such instruments is comparable with the error of the standard itself. There is little justification for using time-consuming dietary assessment questionnaires, since simple tools are accurate enough to be clinically useful--to allow practice nurses to target patients for counselling and waste less time on inappropriate counselling--and also useful for research.
饮食在初级保健中许多病症的病因学及管理方面都很重要。虽然临床工作和研究都需要有效的饮食评估，但在初级保健中就诊的患者中，尚无饮食评估工具得到验证。在一个由执业护士管理的治疗室对111名受试者进行评估时，将一系列简单的自我填写式饮食评估问卷和既定的研究工具与公认的参考标准——七天称重记录进行了比较。基于食物类别和份量大小的简单自我填写工具的表现（阳性检测的似然比 = 2至3）与耗时得多的工具一样好。使用此类工具的误差与标准本身的误差相当。使用耗时的饮食评估问卷几乎没有道理，因为简单的工具足够准确，在临床上有用——能让执业护士确定接受咨询的患者，减少在不适当咨询上浪费的时间——而且对研究也有用。
