Cooper W C
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1976;271:250-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1976.tb23119.x.
The mortality of 7,032 men employed for one or more years in lead production facilities ("smelters") or battery plants was observed over a 23-year period, 1947-1970. There were 1,267 certified deaths. Lead absorption in many members of the cohort was known to have been greatly in excess of accepted standards. The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) for all causes was 107 for smelter workers and 99 for battery plant workers. Deaths from malignant neoplasms were somewhat elevated in both groups, the SMR being 133 for smelter workers and 111 for battery plants. The excesses arose largely from tumors of the digestive organs and the respiratory system. Only three deaths are attributed to malignant renal tumors and seven to tumors of the central nervous system. The latter findings were of interest in view of the experimental production of renal tumors in rats and mice by the injection or oral administration of very large doses of lead salts, and the report by one group of investigators of gliomas in rats fed lead subacetate. Studies are continuing to characterize more fully the exposure of the above lead workers to substances other than lead. Additional follow-up of the cohort is also contemplated.
在1947年至1970年的23年期间，对7032名在铅生产设施（“冶炼厂”）或电池厂工作一年或一年以上的男性的死亡率进行了观察。共有1267例经证实的死亡病例。已知该队列中的许多成员的铅吸收量大大超过了公认标准。冶炼厂工人所有原因的标准化死亡比（SMR）为107，电池厂工人为99。两组中恶性肿瘤导致的死亡人数均有所增加，冶炼厂工人的SMR为133，电池厂工人为111。这种增加主要源于消化器官和呼吸系统的肿瘤。仅3例死亡归因于恶性肾肿瘤，7例归因于中枢神经系统肿瘤。鉴于通过注射或口服极大量铅盐在大鼠和小鼠中实验性诱发肾肿瘤，以及一组研究人员报告给喂食碱式醋酸铅的大鼠诱发神经胶质瘤，后一发现令人关注。研究正在继续，以更全面地描述上述铅作业工人接触铅以外物质的情况。还考虑对该队列进行进一步随访。
