Penney W, Warelow P J
School of Nursing, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
Nurs Inq. 1999 Dec;6(4):259-68. doi: 10.1046/j.1440-1800.1999.00017.x.
This paper will examine and discuss some of the strengths and weaknesses of conceiving nursing as a form of praxis, encompassing within this, the idea that in order to conceive nursing as a form of praxis, reflection has to be considered a key component. It will be argued that praxis can (and should) become a practical process and that, when applied to one's own nursing practice, changes, reshapes and allows one to discover new meanings (or, draws out the meanings which were always there). Clearly there are many different forms, understandings and applications of the term praxis and this paper will examine some of the tensions and the nexus that exist. These claims will be supported by using personal-professional journal extracts as a catalyst, showing that there is potential for closing the theory-practice gap through more in-depth reflection, and that this examination using reflective techniques will demonstrate that nurses, by using this process develop their own implicit personal nursing theories. Using one's colleagues as a critical resource allows what might be described as ongoing reflection to occur, where critical friends in both theoretical and practice worlds act as a dialectical catalyst for growth and change, moving toward closing the theory-practice gap.
本文将审视并讨论将护理视为一种实践形式的一些优点和缺点，其中包括这样一种观点，即要将护理视为一种实践形式，反思必须被视为一个关键组成部分。本文将论证，实践可以（而且应该）成为一个实际的过程，并且当应用于个人的护理实践时，它会改变、重塑并让人发现新的意义（或者揭示一直存在的意义）。显然，“实践”这个术语有许多不同的形式、理解和应用，本文将探讨其中存在的一些矛盾和联系。这些观点将通过引用个人专业日志摘录作为催化剂来支持，表明通过更深入的反思有缩小理论与实践差距的潜力，并且这种使用反思技巧的审视将表明，护士通过这个过程发展出自己隐含的个人护理理论。将同事作为关键资源能够促成所谓的持续反思，在理论和实践领域的关键朋友作为成长和改变的辩证催化剂，朝着缩小理论与实践差距迈进。
