Leybaert J
Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
J Exp Child Psychol. 2000 Apr;75(4):291-318. doi: 10.1006/jecp.1999.2539.
Hearing and deaf children, ranging in age from 6 years 8 months to 14 years 4 months, and matched for general spelling level, were required to spell high-frequency and low-frequency words. Of interest was performance in relation to degree of exposure to Cued Speech (CS), which is a system delivering phonetically augmented speechreading through the visual modality. Groups were (a) hearing children, (b) deaf children exposed early and intensively to CS at home (CS-Home), and (c) deaf children exposed to CS later and at school only (CS-School). Most of the spelling productions of hearing children as well as of CS-Home children were phonologically accurate for high-frequency as well as for low-frequency words. CS-School children, who had less specified phonological representations, made a lower proportion of phonologically accurate spellings. These findings indicate that the accuracy of phonological representations, independent of the modality (acoustic versus visual) through which spoken language is perceived, determines the acquisition of phonology-to-orthography mappings. Analyses of the spelling productions indicate that the acquisition of orthographic representations of high precision depends on fully specified phonological representations.
年龄在6岁8个月至14岁4个月之间、拼写水平相当的听力正常儿童和失聪儿童被要求拼写高频和低频单词。研究关注的是与接触手势语（CS）程度相关的表现，手势语是一种通过视觉方式提供语音增强唇读的系统。研究分组如下：（a）听力正常儿童，（b）在家中早期且密集接触手势语的失聪儿童（家庭手势语组），以及（c）仅在学校后期接触手势语的失聪儿童（学校手势语组）。听力正常儿童以及家庭手势语组儿童的大多数拼写结果在高频和低频单词方面在语音上都是准确的。语音表征不太明确的学校手势语组儿童在语音上准确拼写的比例较低。这些发现表明，语音表征的准确性，独立于感知口语的方式（听觉与视觉），决定了音素到正字法映射的习得。对拼写结果的分析表明，高精度正字法表征的习得取决于完全明确的语音表征。
