Modification of adenylate cyclase activity in LM cells by manipulation of the membrane phospholipid composition in vivo.

Adenylate cyclase [atp pyrophosphate-lyase (cyclizing): EC 4.6.4.4] activities were examined in mouse LM cell (fibroblast) membranes that were supplemented with ethanolamine and/or fatty acids. The supplements were incorporated into the plasma membrane phospholipids in significant amounts. Fatty acid supplementations had distinct effects as compared to polar head group supplementations. All lipid supplementations increased basal adenylate cyclase activity relative to control cells grown in choline-containing medium. Double supplementation with ethanolamine and linoleate increased the specific activity of adenylate cyclase up to 4-fold. Activity in the presence of fluoride was unaffected by ethanolamine supplementation, but was increased by fatty acid supplementation. In contrast, prostaglandin E1 stimulation was 4.2-fold in controls and ethanolamine and/or elaidate supplements, 6-fold in choline plus linoleate supplements, and 3.1-fold in ethanolamine plus linoleate supplements. Differences in activity could not be ascribed to changes in membrane protein composition in supplemented cells, and could be abolished by detergent solublization. Fluidity of the supplemented membranes was monitored by fluorescence polarization, and no correlation was observed between membrane viscosity and adenylate cyclase activity or hormone stimulation. These results emphasize the importance of the membrane lipid phase for this enzyme.