Carman T L, Fernandez B B
Cleveland Clinic Florida, Fort Lauderdale 33309, USA.
Am Fam Physician. 2000 Feb 15;61(4):1027-32, 1034.
Peripheral arterial occlusive disease occurs in about 18 percent of persons over 70 years of age. Usually, patients who have this disease present with intermittent claudication with pain in the calf, thigh or buttock that is elicited by exertion and relieved with a few minutes of rest. The disease may also present in a subacute or acute fashion. Symptoms of ischemic rest pain, ulceration or gangrene may be present at the most advanced stage of the disease. In most cases, the underlying etiology is atherosclerotic disease of the arteries. In caring for these patients, the primary care physician should focus on evaluation, risk factor modification and exercise. The physician should consider referral to a vascular subspecialist when symptoms progress or are severe. While the prognosis for the affected limb is quite good, patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease are at increased risk of myocardial infarction and stroke. Therefore, treatment measures should address overall vascular health.
外周动脉闭塞性疾病在70岁以上人群中的发病率约为18%。通常，患有这种疾病的患者会出现间歇性跛行，小腿、大腿或臀部疼痛，运动时诱发，休息几分钟后缓解。该疾病也可能以亚急性或急性形式出现。在疾病的最晚期可能会出现缺血性静息痛、溃疡或坏疽症状。在大多数情况下，潜在病因是动脉粥样硬化疾病。在护理这些患者时，初级保健医生应专注于评估、风险因素修正和运动。当症状进展或严重时，医生应考虑转诊至血管专科医生。虽然受累肢体的预后相当好，但外周动脉闭塞性疾病患者发生心肌梗死和中风的风险增加。因此，治疗措施应关注整体血管健康。
