Laurent A, Saoud M, Bougerol T, d'Amato T, Anchisi A M, Biloa-Tang M, Dalery J, Rochet T
Department of Psychiatry, BP 217, Grenoble, France.
Psychiatry Res. 1999 Dec 27;89(3):147-59. doi: 10.1016/s0165-1781(99)00109-2.
The aim of this study was to investigate whether non-psychotic relatives of schizophrenic probands have deficits in sustained attention as measured by the Continuous Performance Test, Identical Pairs version (CPT-IP) and whether such deficits are associated with negative schizotypal personality disorders. The study subjects were 23 schizophrenic probands, 45 of their first-degree relatives and 36 normal controls. For each subject, attention was assessed during five conditions (2 standard, 2 slow, 1 easy) of visual stimuli (numbers and shapes). Schizotypy status was determined with the physical anhedonia and social anhedonia scales of Chapman et al. (Chapman, L.J., Chapman, J.P., Raulin, M.L., 1976. Scales for physical and social anhedonia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 42, 374-382). The CPT-IP sensitive index d' in the standard shape condition was significantly lower in schizophrenics and in their relatives than in controls. For all d' values, the percentage of impaired first-degree relatives was at an intermediate level between patients and control individuals. Furthermore, the schizophrenic probands made more random errors in the standard and in the slow number conditions than the other two groups. None of the schizotypy measures correlated with the CPT-IP deficits. These results suggest that spatial sustained attention deficit may be a vulnerability marker for schizophrenia; however, this deficit and the negative dimension of schizotypal personality disorders may be distinct traits.
本研究的目的是调查精神分裂症先证者的非精神病性亲属在通过连续作业测试的同对版本（CPT-IP）测量时是否存在持续注意力缺陷，以及这种缺陷是否与阴性分裂型人格障碍相关。研究对象包括23名精神分裂症先证者、他们的45名一级亲属和36名正常对照。对每个受试者，在视觉刺激（数字和形状）的五种条件（2种标准条件、2种慢速条件、1种简单条件）下评估注意力。使用查普曼等人的身体快感缺乏和社交快感缺乏量表（查普曼，L.J.，查普曼，J.P.，劳林，M.L.，1976年。身体和社交快感缺乏量表。《变态心理学杂志》42，374 - 382）确定分裂型状态。在标准形状条件下，精神分裂症患者及其亲属的CPT-IP敏感指数d'显著低于对照组。对于所有d'值，受损一级亲属的百分比处于患者和对照个体之间的中间水平。此外，精神分裂症先证者在标准和慢速数字条件下比其他两组犯更多的随机错误。没有任何分裂型测量指标与CPT-IP缺陷相关。这些结果表明，空间持续注意力缺陷可能是精神分裂症的一个易感性标志物；然而，这种缺陷和分裂型人格障碍的阴性维度可能是不同的特征。
