Schnyder B, Helbling A
Praxis für Allergologie und klinische Immunologie, Zürich.
Praxis (Bern 1994). 2000 Jan 27;89(5):190-4.
Urticaria may affect as many as 25% of all people at some time during their lives. The hallmark of urticaria are transitory and completely reversible wheals (intracutaneous oedema). There are multiple causes of urticaria. It has various clinical expressions. Corresponding to the time course it is possible to differentiate between acute, acute relapsing and chronic urticaria. Acute and acute relapsing urticaria is often caused by an allergy or "pseudoallergy". Causal factors of chronic urticaria are usually elusive and therefore only a symptomatic treatment is possible. H1 antihistamines with a low potential for sedation are the most important first-line treatment.
荨麻疹在所有人的一生中，可能有多达25%的人会在某个时期受到影响。荨麻疹的标志是短暂且完全可逆的风团（皮内水肿）。荨麻疹有多种病因，有不同的临床表现。根据病程，可以区分急性、急性复发性和慢性荨麻疹。急性和急性复发性荨麻疹通常由过敏或“假过敏”引起。慢性荨麻疹的病因通常难以捉摸，因此只能进行对症治疗。镇静作用低的H1抗组胺药是最重要的一线治疗药物。
