在不同睡眠稳态条件下夜间睡眠醒来后睡眠惯性的时间进程。

Time-course of sleep inertia upon awakening from nighttime sleep with different sleep homeostasis conditions.

作者信息

Ferrara M, De Gennaro L, Bertini M

机构信息

Department of Psychology, University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy.

出版信息

Aviat Space Environ Med. 2000 Mar;71(3):225-9.

PMID:10716166

Abstract

BACKGROUND

We assessed the time-course of sleep inertia during the first 75 min after morning awakening from regular nocturnal sleep, as well as from nighttime sleep episodes with altered sleep homeostasis conditions.

METHODS

Ten normal males slept for 6 nights in the laboratory: 1 adaptation (AD), 2 baseline (BSL, BSL-A), 2 selective Slow-Wave Sleep (SWS) deprivation (DEP-1, DEP-2), and 1 recovery night (REC). On morning awakening, performance was assessed by means of: a) Descending Subtraction Task (DST); b) Auditory Reaction Time task (ART); and c) Finger Tapping Task (FTT). The test battery, lasting about 13 min, was repeated for 5 times.

RESULTS

In regard to DST, the Correct Response ratio (CR/NR) showed a great increase of sleep inertia on the first testing session of REC. Regarding sleep inertia time-course, a significant linear decrease across the testing sessions during the BSL-A and the DEP-2 was present, whereas a significant quadratic trend during the AD, the DEP-1 and the REC was found. On the other hand, ART performance showed a significant quadratic trend across testing sessions, while FTT performance did not show any significant variation.

CONCLUSIONS

A uniform pattern of variation of time-course of sleep inertia as a function of the different sleep homeostasis conditions was not recognized. Performance accuracy (CR/NR) on the DST showed the hypothesized increasing linear trend across testing sessions only during 2 out of 6 nights, while the unexpected quadratic trend of ART performance is probably due to a fatigue effect. During sleep inertia, cognitive performance reached the baseline level about 30 min after awakening, while motor performance was still below the baseline levels 75 min after awakening. The finding that cognitive performance recovery is greater and more rapid than motor performance recovery could be very important for operational settings and in sustained operations.

摘要

背景

我们评估了从正常夜间睡眠以及睡眠稳态条件改变的夜间睡眠时段早晨醒来后的前75分钟内睡眠惰性的时间进程。

方法

十名正常男性在实验室睡6晚：1晚适应期（AD），2晚基线期（BSL，BSL - A），2晚选择性慢波睡眠（SWS）剥夺期（DEP - 1，DEP - 2），以及1晚恢复期（REC）。早晨醒来时，通过以下方式评估表现：a）递减减法任务（DST）；b）听觉反应时间任务（ART）；c）手指敲击任务（FTT）。持续约13分钟的测试组重复进行5次。

结果

关于DST，正确反应率（CR/NR）在REC的第一次测试时段显示睡眠惰性大幅增加。关于睡眠惰性时间进程，在BSL - A和DEP - 2期间的测试时段存在显著的线性下降，而在AD、DEP - 1和REC期间发现显著的二次趋势。另一方面，ART表现在测试时段呈现显著的二次趋势，而FTT表现未显示任何显著变化。

结论

未识别出睡眠惰性时间进程随不同睡眠稳态条件变化的统一模式。DST的表现准确性（CR/NR）仅在6晚中的2晚显示出测试时段间假设的线性上升趋势，而ART表现意外的二次趋势可能是由于疲劳效应。在睡眠惰性期间，认知表现大约在醒来后30分钟达到基线水平，而运动表现在醒来后75分钟仍低于基线水平。认知表现恢复比运动表现恢复更大且更快这一发现对于操作环境和持续作业可能非常重要。