Bernard-Opitz V, Chen A, Kok A J, Sriram N
Department of Social Work & Psychology, National University of Singapore.
Prax Kinderpsychol Kinderpsychiatr. 2000 Feb;49(2):97-108.
The analysis and intervention of communication is an important focus of autism research. The present study is a microanalysis of the communicative behaviour of 10 autistic children with their parents and a therapist. Protests, appropriate initiation and responses of the children were analysed in relation to demands and the specific feedback of the adults. After 20 months of structured therapy changes in the communicative behaviour of the participants were demonstrated. Autistic children showed different communicative pattern with their parents compared to a therapist. The non-verbal group exhibited significantly more protests and decreased responsivity with their parents compared to the therapist. The verbal group interacted with their parents predominantly by echolalia. After 20 months a significant reduction in protests, increased compliance and responsivity were obvious in the non-verbal group. The verbal group showed a reduction in echolalia as well as increased responsive and spontaneous communication. The results demonstrate that even non-verbal autistic children are sensitive towards different interaction partners. Over the observation period participants showed a reduction in behaviour problems and positive developments of communicative behaviour.
沟通分析与干预是自闭症研究的重要焦点。本研究对10名自闭症儿童与其父母及一名治疗师之间的沟通行为进行了微观分析。分析了儿童针对成人的要求及特定反馈所做出的抗议、恰当发起行为和回应。经过20个月的结构化治疗，参与者的沟通行为出现了变化。与治疗师相比，自闭症儿童与父母表现出不同的沟通模式。非言语组与父母相比，表现出更多的抗议行为，对父母的反应性降低。言语组主要通过模仿言语与父母互动。20个月后，非言语组的抗议行为显著减少，顺从性和反应性增加。言语组的模仿言语减少，反应性和自发性沟通增加。结果表明，即使是非言语自闭症儿童对不同的互动伙伴也很敏感。在观察期内，参与者的行为问题减少，沟通行为出现积极发展。
