Blaxter M
ICAPB, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Int J Parasitol. 2000 Apr 10;30(4):347-55. doi: 10.1016/s0020-7519(99)00198-8.
The human hookworms (Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale) infect over one billion people. The phylogenetic relationships of the human hookworms suggest independent acquisition of the human host. The hookworms probably have a haploid chromosome number n = 6, and an XX-XO sex determination mechanism is likely to be used. Genetic and molecular research on hookworms is in its infancy, but several important genes and gene products have already been identified. Of note are cathepsin genes, a family of secreted proteins known as Ancylostoma activation-associated proteins and a family of anticoagulants. The inception of an expressed sequence tag program on the human hookworm, N. americanus, promises to yield many new genes with novel functions in the biology of these important parasites.
人体钩虫（美洲板口线虫和十二指肠钩口线虫）感染人数超过10亿。人体钩虫的系统发育关系表明其对人类宿主的感染是独立发生的。钩虫的单倍体染色体数可能为n = 6，很可能采用XX-XO性别决定机制。对钩虫的遗传和分子研究尚处于起步阶段，但已经鉴定出了几个重要的基因和基因产物。值得注意的是组织蛋白酶基因、一类被称为钩口线虫激活相关蛋白的分泌蛋白家族以及一类抗凝血剂。针对人体钩虫美洲板口线虫开展的表达序列标签计划有望产生许多在这些重要寄生虫生物学中具有新功能的新基因。
