Kinoshita N, Mimura J, Obayashi C, Katsukawa F, Onishi S, Yamazaki H
Sports Medicine Research Center, Keio University, Japan.
Am Heart J. 2000 Apr;139(4):723-8. doi: 10.1016/s0002-8703(00)90055-3.
Aortic dilatation can be lethal for young competitive athletes. The prevalence among athletes is not known, however, and thus a reasonable approach to early recognition remains uncertain.
Echocardiograms of 1929 normotensive athletes 15 to 34 years of age were analyzed. Five (0.26%) athletes had aortic dilatation; 4 of the 5 played basketball. This made the prevalence of aortic dilatation 0.96% (4 of 415) among basketball and volleyball players, who represented a population of especially tall athletes. Tallness aside, only 2 of the 5 athletes had features of Marfan syndrome. Among the athletes without aortic dilatation, the relation between body surface area and aortic root dimension was nonlinear and best described with a quadratic regression model. Athletes with aortic dilatation fell well outside the 95% confidence interval.
Because a higher incidence of aortic dilatation is to be anticipated among very tall athletes, inclusion of echocardiography in screening before participation in certain sports should be considered.
主动脉扩张对年轻的竞技运动员可能是致命的。然而，运动员中的患病率尚不清楚，因此早期识别的合理方法仍不确定。
分析了1929名15至34岁血压正常的运动员的超声心动图。5名（0.26%）运动员有主动脉扩张；5名中有4名打篮球。这使得篮球和排球运动员中主动脉扩张的患病率为0.96%（415名中的4名），这些运动员代表了特别高的人群。除身高外，5名运动员中只有2名有马凡综合征的特征。在没有主动脉扩张的运动员中，体表面积与主动脉根部尺寸之间的关系是非线性的，用二次回归模型能最好地描述。有主动脉扩张的运动员远远超出了95%置信区间。
由于预计在非常高的运动员中主动脉扩张的发生率较高，应考虑在参加某些运动前的筛查中纳入超声心动图检查。
