Hallock G G
Divison of Plastic Surgery at the Lehigh Valley Hospital, Allentown, PA, USA.
Plast Reconstr Surg. 2000 Apr;105(4):1465-70; quiz 1471-2.
The unique niche for compound flaps is their potential role for the repair of massive defects that demands the simultaneous restoration of multiple, missing tissue types. These complex flaps can be sorted into two major classes, and their subtypes on the basis of their means of vascularization are described. (1) Solitary vascularization, the composite flap: "multiple tissue components with a single vascular supply and dependent parts." (2) Combined flaps: (a) Siamese flaps: "multiple flap territories, dependent due to some common physical junction, yet each retaining their independent vascular supply"; (b) conjoint flaps: "multiple independent flaps, each with an independent vascular supply, but linked by a common indigenous source vessel"; and (c) sequential flaps: "multiple independent flaps, each with an independent vascular supply, and artificially linked by a microanastomosis." Many technical modifications that have improved or will improve the reliability of these flaps should not be confused as distinct flap types, but rather acknowledged as variations that can be more conveniently classified for the purposes of improved communication and research by using this basic schema as a guideline.
复合组织瓣的独特优势在于其在修复大面积缺损方面的潜在作用，这类缺损需要同时修复多种缺失的组织类型。这些复杂的组织瓣可分为两大类，并根据其血运方式描述了它们的亚型。（1）单一血运，即复合组织瓣：“具有单一血供和附属部分的多种组织成分”。（2）联合组织瓣：（a）联体组织瓣：“多个瓣区，因某些共同的物理连接而相互依存，但各自保留独立的血供”；（b）连体组织瓣：“多个独立的组织瓣，每个都有独立的血供，但由一条共同的原位血管相连”；（c）序贯组织瓣：“多个独立的组织瓣，每个都有独立的血供，并通过显微吻合术人为连接”。许多已改进或将会改进这些组织瓣可靠性的技术改良不应被混淆为不同的组织瓣类型，而应被视为可利用这一基本模式作为指导方针，为便于交流和研究而更方便分类的变异情况。
