Kakigi R, Hoshiyama M, Shimojo M, Naka D, Yamasaki H, Watanabe S, Xiang J, Maeda K, Lam K, Itomi K, Nakamura A
Department of Integrative Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Japan.
Prog Neurobiol. 2000 Aug;61(5):495-523. doi: 10.1016/s0301-0082(99)00063-5.
Averaged magnetoencephalography (MEG) following somatosensory stimulation, somatosensory evoked magnetic field(s) (SEF), in humans are reviewed. The equivalent current dipole(s) (ECD) of the primary and the following middle-latency components of SEF following electrical stimulation within 80-100 ms are estimated in area 3b of the primary somatosensory cortex (SI), the posterior bank of the central sulcus, in the hemisphere contralateral to the stimulated site. Their sites are generally compatible with the homunculus which was reported by Penfield using direct cortical stimulation during surgery. SEF to passive finger movement is generated in area 3a or 2 of SI, unlike with electrical stimulation. Long-latency components with peaks of approximately 80-120 ms are recorded in the bilateral hemispheres and their ECD are estimated in the secondary somatosensory cortex (SII) in the bilateral hemispheres. We also summarized (1) the gating effects on SEF by interference tactile stimulation or movement applied to the stimulus site, (2) clinical applications of SEF in the fields of neurosurgery and neurology and (3) cortical plasticity (reorganization) of the SI. SEF specific to painful stimulation is also recorded following painful stimulation by CO(2) laser beam. Pain-specific components are recorded over 150 ms after the stimulus and their ECD are estimated in the bilateral SII and the limbic system. We introduced a newly-developed multi (12)-channel gradiometer system with the smallest and highest quality superconducting quantum interference device (micro-SQUID) available to non-invasively detect the magnetic fields of a human peripheral nerve. Clear nerve action fields (NAFs) were consistently recorded from all subjects.
本文综述了人类体感刺激后平均脑磁图（MEG），即体感诱发磁场（SEF）。在80 - 100毫秒内电刺激后，在对侧半球中央沟后壁的初级体感皮层（SI）3b区估计SEF初级及后续中潜伏期成分的等效电流偶极子（ECD）。其位置通常与彭菲尔德在手术中使用直接皮层刺激所报告的小人图一致。与电刺激不同，被动手指运动的SEF在SI的3a区或2区产生。在双侧半球记录到峰值约为80 - 120毫秒的长潜伏期成分，其ECD在双侧半球的次级体感皮层（SII）中估计。我们还总结了：（1）施加于刺激部位的干扰性触觉刺激或运动对SEF的门控效应；（2）SEF在神经外科和神经病学领域的临床应用；（3）SI的皮质可塑性（重组）。在二氧化碳激光束疼痛刺激后也记录到了疼痛刺激特有的SEF。在刺激后150毫秒以上记录到疼痛特异性成分，其ECD在双侧SII和边缘系统中估计。我们介绍了一种新开发的多（12）通道梯度仪系统，它配备了最小且质量最高的超导量子干涉装置（微型SQUID），可用于非侵入性检测人类周围神经的磁场。在所有受试者中均持续记录到清晰的神经动作场（NAF）。
