Advokat C D, Mayville E A, Matson J L
Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70803, USA.
Res Dev Disabil. 2000 Jan-Feb;21(1):75-84. doi: 10.1016/s0891-4222(99)00031-1.
Antipsychotic medications have been used to treat a variety of behavioral and psychiatric disturbances in persons with mental retardation. Given the well-documented side effects of traditional antipsychotics, newer "atypical" antipsychotics have been well received in this population due to initial reports of a more favorable side effect profile. We compared the side effect profiles of both the typical and atypical antipsychotics using a comprehensive instrument, the Matson Evaluation of Drug Side Effects (MEDS) scale. Participants taking atypical antipsychotics did not differ in overall side effects from a matched control group taking no psychotropic medication, and both groups showed significantly fewer overall side effects than participants taking typical antipsychotics. Subscales designed to measure involuntary movements (e.g., akathisia, tardive dyskinesia) detected differences between participants taking either atypical or typical antipsychotics with respect to akathisia only. Implications of these findings and directions for future research are discussed.
抗精神病药物已被用于治疗智力障碍患者的各种行为和精神障碍。鉴于传统抗精神病药物的副作用已得到充分记录，新型“非典型”抗精神病药物因其初步报告显示副作用较小而在该人群中受到广泛欢迎。我们使用一种综合工具——马特森药物副作用评估（MEDS）量表，比较了典型和非典型抗精神病药物的副作用情况。服用非典型抗精神病药物的参与者与未服用精神药物的匹配对照组在总体副作用方面没有差异，且两组的总体副作用均明显少于服用典型抗精神病药物的参与者。旨在测量不自主运动（如静坐不能、迟发性运动障碍）的分量表仅在静坐不能方面检测到服用非典型或典型抗精神病药物的参与者之间存在差异。本文讨论了这些发现的意义以及未来研究的方向。
