Walton J N
University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada.
J Prosthet Dent. 2000 Apr;83(4):443-9. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3913(00)70039-4.
Reported incidences of altered sensation after placement of mandibular implants range from a low of 0% to almost 44%, making it difficult to advise subjects regarding risk.
This study involved presurgical and postsurgical assessment of sensation in the lips and chins of 75 subjects, all of whom objectively demonstrated normal sensation before surgery.
Objective and subjective tests were administered before, and at planned intervals for 12 months after, the placement of 2 implants in the anterior mandible.
Objective changes were observed in only 1 subject and then only at the 2-week postsurgery interval. There were significant differences for all subjects in subjective sensation changes from baseline to 2 weeks after surgery (P =.007) and from 2 weeks to 6 months (P =.003) or 12 months (P =. 003). There was a higher percentage of subjects with normal sensation before surgery who reported sensory changes 2 weeks after implant placement (34% vs 24% for all subjects), but only 1% of subjects still reported altered sensation 1 year later. Although there were no significant differences between men and women in reports of altered sensation, more women than men noted sensation changes 2 weeks after implants were placed (25% vs 13%). There appeared to be no relationships among gender, the degree of ridge resorption, and reports of altered sensation.
Thus, although approximately 24% of subjects may report altered sensation in the short-term after implant surgery in the anterior mandible, the problem appears to be a transient one, with only about 1% experiencing sensation changes 1 year after implant surgery.
下颌种植体植入后感觉改变的报告发生率从低至0%到近44%不等，这使得难以就风险向受试者提供建议。
本研究对75名受试者的唇部和下巴进行了术前和术后感觉评估，所有受试者在手术前客观上感觉均正常。
在12个月内按计划的时间间隔，于下颌前部植入2枚种植体之前和之后进行客观和主观测试。
仅1名受试者出现客观变化，且仅在术后2周时出现。所有受试者在主观感觉变化方面，从基线到术后2周（P = 0.007）、从2周到6个月（P = 0.003）或12个月（P = 0.003）均存在显著差异。术前感觉正常的受试者中，种植体植入后2周报告感觉变化的比例更高（所有受试者为34%对24%），但1年后只有1%的受试者仍报告感觉改变。虽然在感觉改变的报告中男性和女性之间没有显著差异，但植入种植体后2周，注意到感觉变化的女性比男性更多（25%对13%）。性别、牙槽嵴吸收程度与感觉改变报告之间似乎没有关系。
因此，虽然约24%的受试者可能在当下颌前部种植体手术后短期内报告感觉改变，但该问题似乎是暂时的，种植体手术后1年只有约1%的人经历感觉变化。
