Ionescu-Tîrgovişte C, Bogathy I, Stamoran M, Mincu I
Med Interne. 1979 Jan-Mar;17(1):67-77.
Analysis of 610 cases of diabetic ketoacidosis, of which 210 severe cases, showed that before beginning the treatment 6.2% of the patients presented hypoosmolarity, 41.4% normoosmolarity (dysosmolarity) and 52.2% hyperosmolarity. In predominantly hypernatremic hyperosmolarity (5.9% of cases) the authors recommend weak alkaline hypotonic electrolytic solutions (222 mOsm/l). 5% glucose solution and insulin in small doses less than 5 U/h; in predominantly hyperglycemic hyperosmolarity, weak alkaline isotonic electrolytic solutions (309 mOsm/l) and insulin in medium doses (6--8 U/h); in exclusively hyperglycemic hyperosmolarity, hypertonic electrolytic solutions (395 mOsm/l) associated with sufficient insulin dosis (8--12 U/h).
对610例糖尿病酮症酸中毒患者（其中210例为重症患者）的分析表明，在开始治疗前，6.2%的患者呈现低渗状态，41.4%为等渗状态（渗透压异常），52.2%为高渗状态。在以高钠性高渗为主（占病例的5.9%）的情况下，作者推荐使用弱碱性低渗电解质溶液（222毫渗量/升）、5%葡萄糖溶液以及小于5单位/小时的小剂量胰岛素；在以高血糖性高渗为主的情况下，使用弱碱性等渗电解质溶液（309毫渗量/升）和中等剂量（6 - 8单位/小时）的胰岛素；在仅为高血糖性高渗的情况下，使用高渗电解质溶液（395毫渗量/升）并搭配足够剂量的胰岛素（8 - 12单位/小时）。
