Connor J P, Young R M, Williams R J, Ricciardelli L A
Department of Psychiatry, University of Queensland, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Herston, Australia.
J Stud Alcohol. 2000 Mar;61(2):352-9. doi: 10.15288/jsa.2000.61.352.
The relationship between expectancies and other psychological constructs related to drinking is unclear. The current study assesses the power of drinking restraint, measured by the Temptation and Restraint Inventory (TRI), along with alcohol expectancy and drinking refusal self-efficacy, measured by the Drinking Expectancy Profile (DEP), as indicators of alcohol use and problem drinking.
Volunteer students (N = 359), consisting of 113 men with a mean (+/-SD) age of 25.31 +/- 10.61 years and 246 women with a mean age of 23.04 +/- 8.90, completed the TRI, DEP and Alcohol Dependence Scale (ADS) as well as frequency and quantity measures of self-reported drinking.
Drinking Restraint was a stronger indicator of higher scores on the ADS, accounting for 54% and 45% of the variance for men and women, respectively, with Alcohol Expectancies and Drinking Refusal Self-Efficacy being the better indicator of frequency of alcohol consumption, accounting for 20% of the variance for men and 26% for women. Both measures were represented by similar variances within the quantity of drinking measure.
Drinking restraint and alcohol expectancies were seen to measure kindred but unique cognitive subsets, providing further insight into the progression of alcohol problems. Alcohol expectancies and drinking refusal self-efficacy may be acquired early in the development of drinking behavior, as evidenced by stronger associations with risky drinking; drinking restraint and its associated loss of control factors appear to be more specifically related to problem drinking. Alcohol expectancy and drinking refusal self-efficacy may thus have broader use in the assessment of drinking behavior.
期望与其他与饮酒相关的心理结构之间的关系尚不清楚。本研究评估了通过诱惑与克制量表（TRI）测量的饮酒克制力，以及通过饮酒期望量表（DEP）测量的酒精期望和饮酒拒绝自我效能，作为酒精使用和问题饮酒的指标。
志愿者学生（N = 359），包括113名平均（±标准差）年龄为25.31±10.61岁的男性和246名平均年龄为23.04±8.90岁的女性，完成了TRI、DEP和酒精依赖量表（ADS）以及自我报告饮酒的频率和量度。
饮酒克制力是ADS得分较高的更强指标，分别占男性和女性方差的54%和45%，酒精期望和饮酒拒绝自我效能是酒精消费频率的更好指标，分别占男性方差的20%和女性方差的26%。在饮酒量度中，这两种测量方法的方差相似。
饮酒克制力和酒精期望被视为测量相关但独特的认知子集，为酒精问题的发展提供了进一步的见解。酒精期望和饮酒拒绝自我效能可能在饮酒行为发展的早期就已形成，与危险饮酒的更强关联证明了这一点；饮酒克制力及其相关的失控因素似乎与问题饮酒更具体相关。因此，酒精期望和饮酒拒绝自我效能可能在饮酒行为评估中有更广泛的应用。
