Oei T P, Fergusson S, Lee N K
Department of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
J Stud Alcohol. 1998 Nov;59(6):704-11. doi: 10.15288/jsa.1998.59.704.
The present study aimed to examine the discriminatory ability of alcohol expectancies and drinking refusal self-efficacy and to identify the differential role of these constructs in social and problem drinkers.
Drinkers (N = 276) were self-selected from general (n = 185) and clinical (n = 91) populations to complete a 40-minute questionnaire that asked about alcohol expectancies, drinking refusal self-efficacy, consumption, degree of dependence and demographics.
The results showed that in social drinkers both the expectancy and self-efficacy constructs were reliably able to discriminate between types of drinker. Expectancy was related to consumption in social drinkers, but did not appear to account for a significant proportion of the variance in problem drinkers.
The findings are discussed in terms of a two-process model of drinking behavior that suggests that expectancies operate differently in social and problem drinkers.
本研究旨在检验饮酒预期和饮酒拒绝自我效能的区分能力，并确定这些构念在社交饮酒者和问题饮酒者中的不同作用。
从普通人群（n = 185）和临床人群（n = 91）中自行选择饮酒者，让他们完成一份40分钟的问卷，问卷内容涉及饮酒预期、饮酒拒绝自我效能、饮酒量、依赖程度和人口统计学信息。
结果表明，在社交饮酒者中，预期和自我效能构念都能够可靠地区分不同类型的饮酒者。预期与社交饮酒者的饮酒量有关，但似乎并未在问题饮酒者的差异中占显著比例。
根据饮酒行为的双过程模型对研究结果进行了讨论，该模型表明预期在社交饮酒者和问题饮酒者中的作用不同。
