Rivero-Rodríguez Z, Chourio-Lozano G, Diaz I, Cheng R, Rucsón G
Escuela de Bioanálisis, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Venezuela.
Invest Clin. 2000 Mar;41(1):37-57.
To determine the prevalence and epidemiological parameters of intestinal parasites in schoolchildren, a faecal analysis was performed in 349 individuals of both sexes, between 5 and 16 years of age. The methodology used included, a fresh test, formol-ether technique and faecal egg counts by the Kato-Katz method. Eighty three per cent of the children presented enteroparasites, with a high prevalence of polyparasitism (71.6%). There was not significative difference between parasitoses, sex and age. However, it was observed an increase of helminthiasis and protozooses in children between 7 and 10 years of age. The principal enteroparasites founded were: Trichuris trichiura (41.8%), Ascaris lumbricoides (35.2%), Blastocystis hominis (48.1%) and Endolimax nana (22.9%). When the intensity of infestation was studied by the faecal egg counts, it was observed that the highest percentage of children with T. trichiura had light infestations (84.3%), while 45.9% of the children with A. lumbricoides had severe infestations. The Abundance, Mean Intensity and Aggregation Coefficient (k) values show an over-dispersed spatial disposition of both helminths, where only few children harbour heavy burdens and eliminate a large quantity of eggs. This aggregation was higher for T. trichiura (k = 0.298) than for A. lumbricoides (k = 1.138).
为了确定学童肠道寄生虫的患病率和流行病学参数，对349名年龄在5至16岁之间的男女儿童进行了粪便分析。所采用的方法包括新鲜检测、甲醛乙醚技术和改良加藤厚涂片法进行粪便虫卵计数。83%的儿童存在肠道寄生虫感染，多重寄生虫感染的患病率很高（71.6%）。寄生虫感染、性别和年龄之间没有显著差异。然而，观察到7至10岁儿童的蠕虫病和原生动物病有所增加。发现的主要肠道寄生虫有：鞭虫（41.8%）、蛔虫（35.2%）、人芽囊原虫（48.1%）和微小内蜒阿米巴（22.9%）。通过粪便虫卵计数研究感染强度时，发现感染鞭虫的儿童中，轻度感染的比例最高（84.3%），而感染蛔虫的儿童中，重度感染的比例为45.9%。丰富度、平均强度和聚集系数（k）值表明，两种蠕虫在空间分布上均呈过度分散状态，即只有少数儿童携带大量寄生虫并排出大量虫卵。鞭虫的这种聚集性（k = 0.298）高于蛔虫（k = 1.138）。
