Erlandsson S I, Hallberg L R
Department of Psychology, University of Göteborg, Sweden.
Br J Audiol. 2000 Feb;34(1):11-20. doi: 10.3109/03005364000000114.
According to epidemiological studies of tinnitus prevalence, 0.5-1% of respondents report that tinnitus severely affects their ability to lead a normal life. In the present investigation quality of life and its association with tinnitus-related factors: psychological, psychosomatic and audiological, was studied based on a sample of 122 patients, who attended the hearing clinic for distress due to tinnitus. A stepwise regression analysis was performed with quality of life as a dependent variable. Six of 13 variables included in the model proved to be significant regressors and to explain 65% of the variance. The six predictor variables were: impaired concentration, feeling depressed, perceived negative attitudes, hypersensitivity to sounds, average hearing level (best ear) and tinnitus duration (the shorter the duration of tinnitus the more negative impact on quality of life). The three most significant predictors were directly related to perceived psychological distress and explained most of the variance in quality of life in tinnitus patients included in this study. An unexpected finding was that fluctuations in tinnitus, vertigo, headache or perceived social support did not prove to belong to the significant regressors. The results are discussed in view of the construct of quality of life, depressive cognitions and social support in general, as well as in tinnitus-specific life circumstances.
根据耳鸣患病率的流行病学研究，0.5% - 1%的受访者表示耳鸣严重影响他们的正常生活能力。在本次调查中，基于122名因耳鸣困扰而前往听力诊所就诊的患者样本，研究了生活质量及其与耳鸣相关因素（心理、身心和听力学因素）之间的关联。以生活质量作为因变量进行了逐步回归分析。模型中纳入的13个变量中有6个被证明是显著的回归变量，可解释65%的方差。这6个预测变量分别是：注意力不集中、情绪低落、感知到的负面态度、对声音过敏、平均听力水平（较好耳）以及耳鸣持续时间（耳鸣持续时间越短，对生活质量的负面影响越大）。三个最显著的预测变量与感知到的心理困扰直接相关，并解释了本研究中耳鸣患者生活质量方差的大部分。一个意外发现是，耳鸣波动、眩晕、头痛或感知到的社会支持并未被证明属于显著回归变量。将结合生活质量的构成、一般的抑郁认知和社会支持，以及耳鸣特定的生活状况来讨论研究结果。
