加拿大监狱中的药物检测：目的何在？
Drug testing in Canadian jails: to what end?
作者信息
Kendall P R, Pearce M
出版信息
Can J Public Health. 2000 Jan-Feb;91(1):26-8. doi: 10.1007/BF03404247.
Since 1995, Corrections Services Canada (CSC) has conducted randomized urinalysis screening of a minimum of 5% of the federal inmate population on a monthly basis. Urine samples are screened for a broad range of psychoactive substances. The stated purpose of such screening is to reduce substance use in federal jails. Analysis of data provided by CSC for testing between 1994 and 1998 reveals small but statistically significant increases in the percentage of all urine samples that tested positive over that time. Analysis of the results of screening for opiates, cocaine and THC from data provided by CSC for the same time period, shows steady rates of opiate and cocaine detection at maximum and medium levels of security, decreases in opiate and cocaine detection in minimum security, and statistically significant increases in THC detection at all levels of security. The implications of these findings are discussed.
自1995年以来，加拿大惩教服务局（CSC）每月对至少5%的联邦囚犯进行随机尿液分析筛查。尿液样本会针对多种精神活性物质进行检测。此类筛查的既定目的是减少联邦监狱内的毒品使用。对CSC提供的1994年至1998年检测数据的分析显示，在这段时间内，所有检测呈阳性的尿液样本百分比虽有小幅上升，但具有统计学意义。对同一时期CSC提供的数据中阿片类药物、可卡因和四氢大麻酚（THC）的筛查结果分析表明，在最高和中等安全级别中，阿片类药物和可卡因的检测率稳定，在最低安全级别中阿片类药物和可卡因的检测率下降，且在所有安全级别中THC的检测率均有统计学意义的上升。本文将讨论这些研究结果的含义。
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