Dutta A K, Seth A, Goyal P K, Aggarwal V, Mittal S K, Sharma R, Bahl L, Thakur J S, Verma M, Chhatwal J, Chacko B, Saini V, Singhal A, Sharma P, Sharma U, Chaturvedi P, Kumar S, Prajapati N C, Vaidya J, Garg N, Basu S N, Lahiri M, Das C K, Pal D K, Lall S B
Department of Pediatrics, Kalawati Saran Children's Hospital, New Delhi.
Indian J Pediatr. 1998 May-Jun;65(3):365-70. doi: 10.1007/BF02761129.
The retrospective data on childhood poisoning from eight regional hospitals in India has been reviewed. The demographic features and types of poisonings encountered have been compared. The analysis of the data indicated that pediatric poisonings constituted 0.23-3.3% of the total poisoning. The mortality ranged from 0.64-11.6% with highest being from Shimla. Accidental poisoning was common involving 50-90% of children below 5 years of age and males outnumbered the females. Suicidal poisoning was seen after 13 years of age and was due to drugs and household chemicals. One of the hospitals in Delhi recorded a very high incidence (66.6%) of drug poisoning in children. The drugs consumed belonged to phenothiazines, antiepileptics and antipyretics. Iron poisoning was seen in younger children. Kerosene was one of the causes of accidental poisoning at all hospitals except Shimla and rural Maharashtra were probably wood charcoal is widely used. Pesticide poisoning was more prevalent in Punjab and West Bengal whereas plant poisoning was very common in Shimla. Significant number of snake envenomation has been recorded from rural Maharashtra. Other less common accidental poisonings in children included alcohol, corrosives, heavy metals, rodenticides, detergents and disinfectants. Thus various regions in the country showed some variation in types and frequency of childhood poisoning which could be attributed to different geographical and socio-economic background.
对印度八家地区医院有关儿童中毒的回顾性数据进行了审查。对所遇到的中毒人口统计学特征和中毒类型进行了比较。数据分析表明，儿科中毒占中毒总数的0.23 - 3.3%。死亡率在0.64 - 11.6%之间，希姆拉的死亡率最高。意外中毒很常见，涉及50 - 90%的5岁以下儿童，男性多于女性。13岁以后出现自杀性中毒，原因是药物和家用化学品。德里的一家医院记录到儿童药物中毒的发生率非常高(66.6%)。所摄入的药物属于吩噻嗪类、抗癫痫药和退烧药。幼儿中可见铁中毒。除希姆拉和马哈拉施特拉邦农村地区（那里可能广泛使用木炭）外，煤油是所有医院意外中毒的原因之一。农药中毒在旁遮普邦和西孟加拉邦更为普遍，而植物中毒在希姆拉非常常见。马哈拉施特拉邦农村地区记录到大量蛇咬伤中毒事件。儿童中其他不太常见的意外中毒包括酒精、腐蚀性物质、重金属、杀鼠剂、洗涤剂和消毒剂。因此，该国不同地区在儿童中毒的类型和频率上存在一些差异，这可能归因于不同的地理和社会经济背景。
