Malli H, Kuhn-Nentwig L, Imboden H, Moon M J, Wyler T
Zoologisches Institut, Universität Bern, Switzerland.
Cell Tissue Res. 2000 Mar;299(3):417-26. doi: 10.1007/s004419900141.
Fluorescein and horseradish peroxidase-labeled monoclonal antibodies were used to localize the predominant toxic peptide CSTX-1 in the venom gland of the spider Cupiennius salei. There was no polarity of CSTX-1 expression in repleted glands, whereas the glands of previously milked spiders showed a decreasing immunofluorescent response from the distal to the proximal portion. Detailed investigation revealed a new structure in the venom-secreting epithelium, which is postulated to be an evolutionary adaptation to increasing gland volume. CSTX-1 was found to be synthesized and stored as a fully active toxin within complex units, composed of long interdigitating cells running perpendicular to the muscular sheath and extending into the central lumen of the gland. These venom-producing units were found in all sectors of the gland, including the transitional region between the main gland and the venom duct. The venom is liberated from the venom-producing units into the glandular lumen following the contraction of the surrounding muscle layer. Free nuclei or other cellular fragments, which would have provided evidence for a holocrine secretion process, were not found in the glandular lumen or in the crude venom obtained by electrical stimulation. The fine regulation of the spider's venom injection process is postulated to be the function of the bulbous ampulla, situated in the anterior third of the venom duct.
用荧光素和辣根过氧化物酶标记的单克隆抗体来定位蜘蛛克氏寇蛛（Cupiennius salei）毒腺中主要的毒性肽CSTX-1。饱食蜘蛛的毒腺中CSTX-1表达没有极性，而先前采过毒的蜘蛛的毒腺从远端到近端免疫荧光反应逐渐减弱。详细研究揭示了毒液分泌上皮中的一种新结构，推测这是对腺体体积增大的一种进化适应。发现CSTX-1在由垂直于肌肉鞘并延伸至腺体中央管腔的长指状细胞组成的复杂单元内合成并储存为一种完全活性的毒素。在腺体的所有区域，包括主腺体和毒液导管之间的过渡区域，都发现了这些产毒单元。毒液在周围肌肉层收缩后从产毒单元释放到腺腔内。在腺腔或通过电刺激获得的粗毒液中未发现游离细胞核或其他细胞碎片，而这些本可作为全浆分泌过程的证据。推测蜘蛛毒液注射过程的精细调节是位于毒液导管前三分之一处的球茎壶腹的功能。
