Ricker DW, Cutezo AJ
Applied Research Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, State College 16804, USA.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2000 Apr;107(4):1978-86. doi: 10.1121/1.428481.
Narrow-band matched filter processing gain is estimated for medium- and high-frequency active sonars for which the random backscattering processes are assumed to be wide sense stationary in time frequency and uncorrelated in delay-Doppler wide sense stationary and uncorrelated scattering [WSSUS conditions]. Echo and reverberation processes that are WSSUS are described by two-dimensional scattering functions defined in the delay-Doppler plane. The average receiver responses are estimated from the convolution of the appropriate scattering function with the waveform ambiguity function. Estimates of matched filter processing gain are derived for continuous wave (CW) linear frequency modulation (LFM), and discrete frequency shift keyed (FSK) (hop code) waveforms reflected from point and uniform delay spread scatterers masked by reverberation. These bound matched filter performance for a particular waveform and interference distribution since most delay spread scattering falls somewhere between these extremes. The scattering and ambiguity functions are modeled by bounded constant amplitude functions in delay-Doppler that permit the convolutions to be approximated by overlapping area calculations. The results are presented in tabular form as simple formulas that are functions of the reverberation, noise, and waveform parameters. The estimates are shown to be consistent with processing gain measurements made from multiple realizations of synthesized and in-water data.
针对中高频有源声纳估计窄带匹配滤波器处理增益，其中假设随机后向散射过程在时频上是广义平稳的，并且在延迟 - 多普勒上是广义平稳且不相关的散射[WSSUS条件]。WSSUS的回波和混响过程由在延迟 - 多普勒平面中定义的二维散射函数描述。平均接收机响应是通过将适当的散射函数与波形模糊函数进行卷积来估计的。针对从被混响掩盖的点散射体和均匀延迟扩展散射体反射的连续波（CW）线性调频（LFM）以及离散频移键控（FSK）（跳码）波形，推导了匹配滤波器处理增益的估计值。由于大多数延迟扩展散射落在这些极端情况之间的某个位置，所以这些限制了特定波形和干扰分布的匹配滤波器性能。散射函数和模糊函数由延迟 - 多普勒中的有界恒定幅度函数建模，这使得卷积可以通过重叠面积计算来近似。结果以表格形式呈现为简单公式，这些公式是混响、噪声和波形参数的函数。这些估计值与从合成数据和水中数据的多次实现中进行的处理增益测量结果一致。
