Wadsworth J, Moss C F
Harvard University, Department of Psychology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2000 Apr;107(4):2265-71. doi: 10.1121/1.428507.
This study aimed to determine whether bats using frequency modulated (FM) echolocation signals adapt the features of their vocalizations to the perceptual demands of a particular sonar task. Quantitative measures were obtained from the vocal signals produced by echolocating bats (Eptesicus fuscus) that were trained to perform in two distinct perceptual tasks, echo delay and Doppler-shift discriminations. In both perceptual tasks, the bats learned to discriminate electronically manipulated playback signals of their own echolocation sounds, which simulated echoes from sonar targets. Both tasks utilized a single-channel electronic target simulator and tested the bat's in a two-alternative forced choice procedure. The results of this study demonstrate changes in the features of the FM bats' sonar sounds with echolocation task demands, lending support to the notion that this animal actively controls the echo information that guides its behavior.
本研究旨在确定使用调频（FM）回声定位信号的蝙蝠是否会根据特定声纳任务的感知需求来调整其发声特征。通过对接受训练以执行两种不同感知任务（回声延迟和多普勒频移辨别）的食虫蝙蝠（棕蝠）发出的声音信号进行定量测量。在这两种感知任务中，蝙蝠学会辨别其自身回声定位声音的电子操纵回放信号，这些信号模拟了来自声纳目标的回声。两项任务均使用单通道电子目标模拟器，并采用二选一的强制选择程序对蝙蝠进行测试。这项研究的结果表明，随着回声定位任务需求的变化，调频蝙蝠声纳声音的特征也会发生变化，这支持了这种动物会主动控制引导其行为的回声信息这一观点。
