de Toledo-Morrell L, Dickerson B, Sullivan M P, Spanovic C, Wilson R, Bennett D A
Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Hippocampus. 2000;10(2):136-42. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1098-1063(2000)10:2<136::AID-HIPO2>3.0.CO;2-J.
Atrophy of the hippocampal formation, a region important for the acquisition of new declarative knowledge, has been well-documented in Alzheimer's disease (AD), although the relation of such atrophy to the extent of memory dysfunction in these patients has been less clear. In the present study, 18 patients with a clinical diagnosis of probable AD were studied with a high-resolution, quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol, as well as the verbal and spatial versions of the Buschke controlled learning task. The volumes of the hippocampal formation and, as a control for generalized atrophy, parahippocampal gyrus and temporal neocortex were computed from gapless coronal slices taken perpendicular to the long axis of the hippocampus. To correct for individual differences in brain size, volumes of regions of interest were divided by total intracranial volume. Separate stepwise regression analyses (with age, right and left hippocampal, parahippocampal gyrus, and temporal lobe volumes as the independent variables) showed that left hippocampal volume was the best predictor of free recall and delayed free recall of verbal information (P = 0.0042 and P < 0.0001, respectively). Recall and delayed recall of the spatial location of verbal items were best predicted by right hippocampal volume (P = 0.0054 and P = 0.0118, respectively). Memory scores did not correlate either with parahippocampal gyrus or temporal lobe volume. Furthermore, the relation between hippocampal volume and memory function observed in cases with AD did not hold for healthy aged control subjects.
海马结构萎缩在阿尔茨海默病（AD）中已有充分记录，海马结构是获取新陈述性知识的重要区域，尽管这种萎缩与这些患者记忆功能障碍程度之间的关系尚不清楚。在本研究中，对18例临床诊断为可能AD的患者采用高分辨率定量磁共振成像（MRI）方案以及Buschke控制学习任务的言语和空间版本进行研究。海马结构的体积以及作为广泛性萎缩对照的海马旁回和颞叶新皮质的体积，是根据垂直于海马长轴的无间隙冠状切片计算得出的。为校正脑大小的个体差异，感兴趣区域的体积除以总颅内体积。单独的逐步回归分析（以年龄、左右海马、海马旁回和颞叶体积作为自变量）显示，左侧海马体积是言语信息自由回忆和延迟自由回忆的最佳预测指标（分别为P = 0.0042和P < 0.0001）。言语项目空间位置的回忆和延迟回忆最佳预测指标是右侧海马体积（分别为P = 0.0054和P = 0.0118）。记忆分数与海马旁回或颞叶体积均无相关性。此外，在AD患者中观察到的海马体积与记忆功能之间的关系在健康老年对照受试者中并不成立。
