Moline M L, Zendell S M
New York-Presbyterian Hospital (Westchester Division) and Weill Medical College of Cornell University, NY, USA.
Medscape Womens Health. 2000 Mar;5(2):1.
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS), a common disorder in women, refers to physical and/or mood symptoms that appear predictably during the latter half of the menstrual cycle, last until menses begin, and are absent during the early part of the menstrual cycle. A diagnosis of PMS requires that the symptoms be severe enough to affect a woman's ability to function at home or in the workplace or in her relationships with others. Diagnostic assessment entails a thorough medical and psychiatric history and prospective daily ratings. Disorders such as major depression, anxiety, hypothyroidism, and diabetes must be excluded before a diagnosis of PMS can be considered. Treatment strategies include either eliminating the hormonal cycle associated with ovulation or treating the symptom(s) causing the most distress to the patient. Medical therapies are available for both treatment approaches but should be initiated only after behavioral measures have failed; the physician must also carefully weigh the severity of symptoms against the potential for adverse effects of treatment.
经前综合征（PMS）是女性常见的一种疾病，指在月经周期后半段可预测地出现、持续至月经开始且在月经周期早期不存在的身体和/或情绪症状。PMS的诊断要求症状严重到足以影响女性在家中、工作场所的功能或其与他人的关系。诊断评估需要全面的医学和精神病史以及前瞻性的每日评分。在考虑诊断PMS之前，必须排除诸如重度抑郁症、焦虑症、甲状腺功能减退症和糖尿病等疾病。治疗策略包括消除与排卵相关的激素周期或治疗给患者造成最大困扰的症状。两种治疗方法都有药物疗法，但应仅在行为措施无效后才开始使用；医生还必须仔细权衡症状的严重程度与治疗潜在不良反应。
