Sörensen L, Smolander J, Louhevaara V, Korhonen O, Oja P
Medical Rehabilitation and Physical Exercise Centre Peurunka, Laukaa, Finland.
Occup Med (Lond). 2000 Jan;50(1):3-10. doi: 10.1093/occmed/50.1.3.
This study evaluated changes in the physical activity, fitness and body composition of 103 police officers during a 15-year follow-up. The absolute aerobic capacity was similar in 1981 and 1996, muscular performance had declined, and body weight had increased approximately 0.5 kg/year. More than half the subjects (53%) had increased their leisure-time physical activity in 1996. The correlation was significant between physical activity in 1981 and physical fitness in 1996, but weak between physical activity in 1996 and fitness in 1996. It was also significant between waist circumference and waist/hip ratio in 1996 and physical activity during the previous 5 and 15 years. No significant correlations were found between physical activity and work ability or perceived physical or mental job stress. The physical fitness of middle-aged police officers seems to be predicted strongly by physical activity in early adulthood. Therefore health and fitness promotion measures should start at that time. This, together with regular systematic training, should help to sustain work ability of middle-aged police officers.
本研究评估了103名警察在15年随访期间身体活动、体能和身体成分的变化。1981年和1996年的绝对有氧能力相似，肌肉性能下降，体重每年增加约0.5千克。超过半数的受试者（53%）在1996年增加了休闲时间的身体活动。1981年的身体活动与1996年的体能之间存在显著相关性，但1996年的身体活动与1996年的体能之间相关性较弱。1996年的腰围和腰臀比与前5年和15年的身体活动之间也存在显著相关性。未发现身体活动与工作能力或感知到的身体或心理工作压力之间存在显著相关性。中年警察的体能似乎在很大程度上由成年早期的身体活动所预测。因此，健康和体能促进措施应从那时开始。这与定期系统训练一起，应有助于维持中年警察的工作能力。
