Worsnop C, Kay A, Kim Y, Trinder J, Pierce R
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Austin and Repatriation Medical Centre, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2000 May;88(5):1831-9. doi: 10.1152/jappl.2000.88.5.1831.
In normal young men, there is an abrupt fall in ventilation (VE), a rise in upper airway resistance (UAR), and falls in the activities of the diaphragm (Di), intercostals (IC), genioglossus (GG), and tensor palatini (TP) at sleep onset. On waking, there is an abrupt increase in VE and fall in UAR and an increase in the activities of Di, IC, GG, and TP. The aim of this study was to determine whether these changes are age dependent. Nine men aged 20 to 25 yr were compared with nine men aged 42 to 67 yr. Airflow, UAR, Di, and IC surface electromyograms (EMGs) and the intramuscular EMGs of GG and TP were recorded. It was found that the falls in IC, GG, and TP at the transition from alpha to theta electroencephalogram (EEG) activity were significantly greater in the older than in the younger men (P < 0.05) and that the fall in Di was also greater, although this was only marginally significant (P = 0.15). The rise in GG at theta-to-alpha transitions was also greater in the older than in the younger men, and there was a trend for TP to be higher.
在正常青年男性中，入睡时通气量（VE）会突然下降，上气道阻力（UAR）会升高，膈肌（Di）、肋间肌（IC）、颏舌肌（GG）和腭帆张肌（TP）的活动会减弱。醒来时，VE会突然增加，UAR会下降，Di、IC、GG和TP的活动会增强。本研究的目的是确定这些变化是否与年龄有关。将9名20至25岁的男性与9名42至67岁的男性进行了比较。记录了气流、UAR、Di和IC的表面肌电图（EMG）以及GG和TP的肌内肌电图。结果发现，从脑电图（EEG）的α波活动转变为θ波活动时，老年男性IC、GG和TP的下降幅度明显大于年轻男性（P < 0.05），Di的下降幅度也更大，尽管这仅具有边缘显著性（P = 0.15）。从θ波转变为α波时，老年男性GG的上升幅度也大于年轻男性，并且TP有升高的趋势。
